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Case Reports
Journal Article
Lacking the 'protective label' of diabetes: Phenytoin-induced distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy. A clinical case report.
Journal of Tissue Viability 2016 November
This report documents an unusual case of distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy (DSPN) in an otherwise healthy patient without diabetes mellitus (DM) presenting to a podiatric wound care clinic. The development of gas gangrene coupled with Charcot neuroarthropathic changes ultimately resulted in a potentially life-saving transmetatarsal (TMT) amputation. Causation of, or at least a contributor to, the DSPN was likely phenytoin usage for epileptic seizures. Long-term use of phenytoin can lead to axonal shrinkage and random clusters of nerve demyelination [1]. Clinical standards for DM-induced DSPN indicate that annual comprehensive neurological assessment to detect nerve function deterioration is warranted [2]. This can aid in identifying patients at high risk of diabetic foot ulceration. However, oftentimes, patients exhibiting medication-induced neuropathy are not assessed to determine severity of the neuropathy nor are they educated about ulcer prevention in the same manner as patients with DM. This report advocates for a standardized threshold of diagnostic and preventative investigation for neuropathy of all aetiologies; diabetic, traumatic, viral, medication-induced and idiopathic.
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