We have located links that may give you full text access.
English Abstract
Journal Article
Review
[Milestones of cardiovascular therapy. V. Diuretics].
After their introduction in 1959, thiazide diuretics have become the cornerstone in the managment of heart failure and hypertension. They prevent sodium reabsorption in the upper segment of the distal tubule, increase the diuresis and, by diminishing the intravascular volume, they reduce the preload. With vigorous diuresis, cardiac output may drop under the critical level, and hypovolaemia, hypotension, syncopes and dehydratation with severe water-mineral disturbance may occur. A similar disorder takes place after aggressive administration of loop diuretics which act by the same mechanism at the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. Moreover, any chronic treatment with saluretics triggers the contraregulatory activation of RAAS. Thus, the dosing should be cautiously titrated, and with diminishing efficacy the diuretic is to be replaced by another one, or a second drug is to be added. With any potent diuretic agent, electrolyte depletion may occur; therefore, minimal active doses should be applied, potassium-sparing diuretics added or a pause should be inserted after/before furosemide with spirolactone. Hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia are common, and in combined treatment with ACE-inhibitors and spirolactone, hyperkalaemia is frequent. With long-term treatment, a rebound period of sodium reabsorption follows, and the diuretic effect is reduced or lost. To overcome this ",diuretic resistance", the dietary sodium is to be restricted, physical effort avoided and salt retaining drugs (NSAIDs and similar) eliminated. In the article, a short review of basic physiology concerning the water-electrolyte balance and the distribution of body-water is summarized.
Full text links
Related Resources
Trending Papers
Guillain-Barré syndrome: History, pathogenesis, treatment, and future directions.European Journal of Neurology 2024 May 17
Angiotensin Receptor Blocker-Neprilysin Inhibitor for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society 2024 May 12
The Therapy and Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: New Insights on Treatment.Cardiac Failure Review 2024
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.
By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Your Privacy Choices
You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app