Optimising high-intensity treadmill training using the running speed at maximal O(2) uptake and the time for which this can be maintained.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two high-intensity, treadmill interval-training programs on 3000-m and 5000-m running performance. Maximal oxygen uptake (.VO(2max)), the running speed associated with .VO(2max) (v.VO(2max)), the time for which v.VO(2max) can be maintained (T(max)), running economy (RE), ventilatory threshold (VT) and 3000-m and 5000-m running times were determined in 27 well-trained runners. Subjects were then randomly assigned to three groups; (1) 60% T(max), (2) 70% T(max) and (3) control. Subjects in the control group continued their normal training and subjects in the two T(max) groups undertook a 4-week treadmill interval-training program with the intensity set at v.VO(2max) and the interval duration at the assigned T(max). These subjects completed two interval-training sessions per week (60% T(max)=six intervals/session, 70% T(max) group=five intervals/session). Subjects were re-tested on all parameters at the completion of the training program. There was a significant improvement between pre- and post-training values in 3000-m time trial (TT) performance in the 60% T(max) group compared to the 70% T(max) and control groups [mean (SE); 60% T(max)=17.6 (3.5) s, 70% T(max) =6.3 (4.2) s, control=0.5 (7.7) s]. There was no significant effect of the training program on 5000-m TT performance [60% T(max)=25.8 (13.8) s, 70% T(max)=3.7 (11.6) s, control=9.9 (13.1) s]. Although there were no significant improvements in .VO(2max), v.VO(2max) and RE between groups, changes in .VO(2max) and RE were significantly correlated with the improvement in the 3000-m TT. Furthermore, VT and T(max) were significantly higher in the 60% T(max) group post- compared to pre-training. In conclusion, 3000-m running performance can be significantly improved in a group of well-trained runners, using a 4-week treadmill interval training program at v.VO(2max) with interval durations of 60% T(max).