Correlation Between Serum Vitamin E and HOMA-IR in Patients with T2DM.

BACKGROUND: Peroxidation is one of the important causes of insulin resistance (IR), and vitamin E is a natural antioxidant, and there may be some correlation between serum vitamin E levels and insulin resistance.

PURPOSE: The correlation between serum vitamin E and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population.

METHODS: Two hundred and forty-two people (119 with T2DM) were included. One hundred and nineteen patients with T2DM were selected as the case group, and 123 people with non-T2DM were selected as the control group. People insulin resistance was detected by the homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR) greater than 2.69 were included in the diabetic insulin resistance group, and those with HOMA-IR less than 2.69 were included in the diabetic non-insulin resistance group. Record the general body indicators, biochemical indicators, hepatic function indicators, vitamin E, and other indicators. Correlation analysis, logistic regression, trend analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were performed using SPSS 25.0 and R 4.1.1 software. Correlation analysis, logistic regression, trend analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were conducted on general body indicators, biochemical indicators, hepatic function indicators, vitamin E, and other indicators.

RESULTS: The logistic regression results showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, vitamin E was an independent influencing factor for insulin resistance in T2DM patients (P < 0.001). The trend analysis results show that with the decrease of serum vitamin E levels, the risk of insulin resistance in T2DM patients gradually increases. The RCS results showed that the risk of insulin resistance was significantly increased when the serum vitamin E level was lower than 10,575.23 ng/mL.

CONCLUSION: Serum vitamin E levels are lower in T2DM patients than in healthy populations; Vitamin E is an independent influencing factor for HOMA-IR in T2DM patients. The risk of insulin resistance gradually increases in T2DM patients as serum vitamin E levels decrease. Vitamin E is a risk factor for insulin resistance at serum vitamin E levels below 10,575.23 ng/mL. At higher serum vitamin E levels than 10,575.23 ng/mL, vitamin E is a protective factor for insulin resistance.