Chiari I Malformations and the Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue.

The heritable disorders of connective tissue (HDCTs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding a wide range of molecules involved in the structure and function of the extracellular matrix. Currently, more than 450 HDCTs are recognized. These include the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), Stickler syndrome, and a wide range of skeletal dysplasias. Recent evidence suggests that people with the HDCTs are at an increased risk of Chiari I malformation (CM1).