Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing among women working in the aged care services in Japan.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in women working in the field of aged care in Japan.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted for female employees aged 18-60 years in aged care facilities in Japan. The analyzed set consisted of 712 participants with complete data. SDB was determined by respiratory disturbance index (RDI), measured using an ambulatory airflow monitor with a polyvinylidene fluoride film sensor to detect nasal and oral airflow overnight at home. Based on the findings of previous studies, RDI 10 was considered equivalent to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 15.

RESULTS: The prevalence of moderate-to-severe SDB (RDI ≥ 10) was 22.8%. The mean age was 38.1 years, and mean sleeping time of participants was 6.1 h. The median body mass index (BMI) was 22.0. Women with moderate-to-severe SDB (RDI ≥ 10) had a higher age, neck circumference, neck-height ratio, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and increased prevalence of hypertension, short sleepers (amount of sleep on the SDB testing day < 6 h), and habitual snorers, compared to women with no or mild SDB (RDI < 10).

CONCLUSIONS: Our study found that women working in the aged care services in Japan were heavily burdened by SDB even though they were relatively young and slim. To prevent CVD from developing in the future, programs through which workplaces can help their employees improve their lifestyle, and early diagnosis and treatment of SDB are highly recommended.