raspberry ketones

The natural occurrence, distribution (within a plant) and roles of four phenylbutanoid compounds (anisyl acetone, cue-lure, raspberry ketone and zingerone) are elucidated for the Asia-Pacific and Oceania regions. These phenylbutanoids may act individually or in combination to attract true fruit fly males belonging to a tribe Dacini of subfamily Dacinae (Diptera: Tepritidae). Of special interest are the mutualistic interactions between the Dacini fruit fly males and the tropical daciniphilous (attracting exclusively Dacini fruit flies) orchids - leading to cross pollination for the orchids and enchanced mating success for the flies...

Raspberry ketone has generated interest in recent years both as a flavor agent and as a health promoting supplement. Raspberry ketone can be synthesized chemically, but the value of a natural nonsynthetic product is among the most valuable flavor compounds on the market. Coumaroyl-coenzyme A (CoA) is the direct precursor for raspberry ketone but also an essential precursor for flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis in plants and therefore highly regulated. The synthetic fusion of 4-coumaric acid ligase (4CL) and benzalacetone synthase (BAS) enables the channeling of coumaroyl-CoA from the ligase to the synthase, proving to be a powerful tool in the production of raspberry ketone in both N...

The current study aimed to investigate the effect of orally administered raspberry ketone (RK) on ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced in rats by high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD) in comparison to calorie restriction (CR) regimen. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into two experimental groups; one was fed normal chow diet (NCD, n = 6) for 15 weeks to serve as normal control group and the other group was fed HFFD (n = 24) for 7 weeks to induce NAFLD. After induction, rats in the HFFD group were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 6 rats each)...

Polygonum cuspidatum polyketide synthase 1 (PcPKS1) has the catalytic activity of chalcone synthase (CHS) and benzylidene acetone synthase (BAS), which can catalyze the production of polyketides naringenin chalcone and benzylidene acetone, and then catalyze the synthesis of flavonoids or benzylidene acetone. In this study, three amino acid sites (Thr133, Ser134, Ser33) that may affect the function of PcPKS1 were identified by analyzing the sequences of PcPKS1 , the BAS from Rheum palmatum and the CHS from Arabidopsis thaliana , as well as the conformation of the catalytic site of the enzyme...

BACKGROUND: Queensland fruit fly (Qfly) males exhibit accelerated sexual maturation when their diet is supplemented with raspberry ketone (RK) for 48 hours following emergence which is beneficial for Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) operation. The present study tests whether RK supplementation makes Qfly more vulnerable to starvation or desiccation. RESULTS: Flies were fed for 48 hours with yeast hydrolysate and sugar diet (1:3) that contained 0% RK (control), 1.25% RK (low dose) or 5% RK (high dose) to test subsequent vulnerability to starvation and desiccation...

Obesity has become a worldwide public health problem and continues to be one of the leading causes of chronic diseases. Obesity treatment is challenged by large drug doses, high administration frequencies and severe side effects. Herein, we propose an antiobesity strategy through the local administration of Ha RChr fiber rods loaded with chrysin and grafted with hyaluronic acid and Ats FRk fiber fragments loaded with raspberry ketone and grafted with adipocyte target sequences (ATSs). The hyaluronic acid grafts double the uptake levels of Ha RChr by M1 macrophages to promote phenotype transformation from M1 to M2 through upregulating CD206 and downregulating CD86 expressions...

Tyrosinase is the key enzyme for melanin biosynthesis. Overproduction and deposition of this pigment cause different problems in various industries including agriculture and food. Finding safe tyrosinase inhibitors thus attracts great research interest. The goal of this study is evaluation of inhibitory potencies of some novel synthetic derivatives of tyrosol and raspberry ketone on diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase. The ligands inhibited enzyme activity and compound 4-(2-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)ethyl)phenol (1d) exhibited the most inhibitory potency (77% inhibition, IC50  = 0...

Microbial-derived aromatics provide a sustainable and renewable alternative to petroleum-derived chemicals. In this study, we used the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce aromatic molecules by exploiting the concept of modularity in synthetic biology. Three different modular approaches were investigated for the production of the valuable fragrance raspberry ketone (RK), found in raspberry fruits and mostly produced from petrochemicals. The first strategy used was modular cloning, which enabled the generation of combinatorial libraries of promoters to optimize the expression level of the genes involved in the synthesis pathway of RK...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-melanogenic activity of raspberry ketone glucoside (RKG) and further explore the specific molecular mechanisms by which RKG affects melanogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The B16F10 cells model, the mushroom tyrosinase model and the zebrafish model were used to assess the whitening activity of RKG. We subsequently identified possible pathways related to RKG inhibition of melanogenesis by RNA-seq analysis and qRT-PCR on the zebrafish model, and further explored the effects of key genes on the pathway on the melanogenic effect of RKG by using related pathway inhibitors and Tg [mpeg: EGFP] transgenic zebrafish line...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the therapeutic role of calorie-restricted diet (CR) and raspberry ketone (RK) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the implication of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1)/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling. METHODS: NAFLD was induced by feeding rats high-fat-fructose-diet (HFFD) for 6 weeks. Rats were then randomly assigned to three groups (n = 6 each); NAFLD group continued on HFFD for another 8 weeks...

Background : Raspberry ketone (RK: [4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone]) is a dietary supplement marketed for weight control. RK is structurally unrelated to the ketone bodies elevated with a ketogenic diet (KD). This study aims to determine whether RK oral supplementation with KD improves the weight loss outcomes in high-fat diet (HFD; 45% fat)-fed mice. Methods : Male and female C57BL/6J mice were HFD-fed for 9 weeks and switched to KD (80% fat) or a control diet (CD; 10% fat) or continued with the HFD for 4 weeks...

Raspberry Ketone (RK) and Resveratrol (RSV) are natural phenolic antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. However, its combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics potentials are not reported. The study aims to assess the combined effect of RK with RSV to protect rats from carbon-tetrachloride (CCl4) induced oxidative stress and NASH. The toxicant CCl4 was employed at a concentration of 1 mL/kg as a 1:1 (v/v) mixture with olive oil twice weekly for 6 weeks to induce liver toxicity. Animal treatment was followed for 2 weeks...

A comparative in vitro study of the antioxidant potential of natural phenols (zingerone, curcumin, raspberry ketone, magnolol) and their synthesized derivatives was performed. The antioxidant efficiency was evaluated in blood serum obtained from healthy individuals, by means of spectrophotometry, before and after the addition of pro-oxidant tert -butyl hydroperoxide (TBH). Moreover, the antioxidant effect of an equimolar mixture of curcumin and zingerone was investigated. Interpretation of our results reveals that in the blood serum of healthy individuals curcumin (C1), raspberry ketone (RK1), magnolol (M1) and synthesized derivative of zingerone (Z2) demonstrate remarkable antioxidant effects ( p < 0...

Microwave (MW)-assisted reductive aminations of aldehydes and ketones were carried out in the presence of commercial and homemade heterogeneous Rh-based catalysts. Ultrasound (US) was used to improve dispersion and stability of metal nanoparticles, while commercial activated carbon and carbon nanofibers were used as supports. Moreover, various bio-derived molecules were selected as substrates, and aqueous ammonia was used as a cheap and non-toxic reagent. MW combined with heterogeneous Rh catalysts gave a 98...

Background: Raspberry ketone (RK), derived from red raspberry fruit ( Rubus idaeus , family Rosaceae), is a reported potent antiobesity agent. This study aims to investigate method development, validation, and in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics in rats. Materials & methods: LC-MS/MS was used to conduct method development, validation, stability, and oral PK samples of RK in plasma analyses. Results: RK was highly soluble in Tris buffer and stable in gastrointestinal fluids as well as plasma. Rat liver microsomal stability of RK in phase I and II studies was 84...

Salmonella enterica is an important foodborne pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and systemic infection in humans and livestock. Salmonella biofilms consist of two major components-amyloid curli and cellulose-which contribute to the prolonged persistence of Salmonella inside the host. Effective agents for inhibiting the formation of biofilms are urgently needed. We investigated the antibiofilm effect of Raspberry Ketone (RK) and its mechanism of action against Salmonella Typhimurium 14028 using the Congo red agar method, Calcofluor staining, crystal violet method, pellicle assay, and the TMT-labeled quantitative proteomic approach...

A 32-year-old female with no cardiac risk factors was admitted for treatment of a perianal abscess. During her hospital stay, she had a pulseless electrical activity arrest with a return of spontaneous circulation after one round of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). After transfer to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the patient had polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT) requiring defibrillation shock. Her PVT was resistant to medical interventions. She was shocked a total of 33 times before her arrhythmia was terminated by passing a temporary transvenous pacemaker with overdrive pacing...

Obesity is a serious medical condition worldwide, and a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cancer and cardiovascular disease. In addition to changes in dietary habits and physical activity, consuming supplements to maintain good health and prevent obesity is important in modern society. Raspberry ketone (RK) is a natural phenolic ketone found in the European red raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.) and is hypothesized to prevent obesity when administered orally. The present study found that RK was reduced to rhododendrol (ROH) in human liver microsomes and cytosol...

Electrospray (ES) is a new non-thermal processing technology for pasteurising liquid foods. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ES on the cell structure and function of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and then compare the effects of ES and heat treatment (HT) on microbial inactivation and flavour composition in honey raspberry wine. First, we found that the inactivation effect of ES treatment on the three microorganisms was significantly influenced by the voltage intensity...

BACKGROUND: The tyrosinase inhibitor rhododendrol (RD), used as a skin whitening agent, reportedly has the potential to induce leukoderma. OBJECTIVE: Although an immune response toward melanocytes was demonstrated to be involved in leukoderma, the molecular mechanism is not fully understood. METHODS: We hypothesized that if RD is a pro-hapten and tyrosinase-oxidized RD metabolites are melanocyte-specific sensitizers, the sensitizing process could be reproduced by the human cell line activation test (h-CLAT) cocultured with melanocytes (h-CLATw/M) composed of human DC THP-1 cells and melanoma SK-MEL-37 cells...