Nursing students' reactions to a graphic novel: A multi-national descriptive qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Undergraduate nursing programme teaching and learning methods and content must evolve to meet the changing evidence base, healthcare context and needs of new generations of nurses. Art-based and narrative methods have been employed to help student nurses explore complex issues, including patient experiences of health and illness, person-centred care and social determinants of health. One creative visual teaching tool is the graphic novel. However, little is known about student perceptions of graphic novels and how they facilitate student nurses' reflection, engagement and learning. Gaining such an understanding may be of especial value for teaching Generation Z students who are used to interacting with complex visual imgery and prefer alternatives to text-heavy documents.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to explore student nurses responses to Vivian, and graphic novels in general, as teaching resources in undergraduate nursing curricula in England, Sweden, and Aotearoa New Zealand.

DESIGN: A social constructionist critical framework informing a descriptive qualitative study.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Undergraduate nursing students in Sweden, England, and Aotearoa New Zealand.

METHODS: Data were collected using focus groups and semi-structured interviews. Braun & Clark's method for thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

RESULTS: Three themes were developed: 1) reflections on clinical practice, including reflections on palliative care, holistic care for older people and communication between patients and staff; 2) graphic novels' usefulness as a teaching resource, in which students regarded them as an alternative way to learn; and 3) Vivian as a form of the graphic novel.

CONCLUSION: The graphic novel Vivian helped nursing students engage in critical reflection and with challenging theoretical concepts. It, and graphic novels in general offer an alternative to print-based texts, which may heighten their appeal to Generation Z learners.