Bilateral bifid condyles: A rare etiology of temporomandibular joint disorders.

Background : Bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) is a rare etiology of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders characterized by a duplication of the head of the mandibular condyle. Case report : The authors report the case of a 20-year-old patient complaining of a painful and clicking TMJ and mandibular hypomobility, which had been progressing for several months. Radiological investigations (dental panoramic radiograph and X-ray CT scan) revealed right and left abnormalities of the TMJ due to bilateral BMC requiring surgical management. Conclusion : Despite a prevalence of 0.31% to 1.82% and the controversies surrounding its pathophysiology, maxillofacial surgeons should be aware of BMC to avoid misdiagnosis related to the clinical presentation (pain, clicking, hypomobility, or ankylosis) and provide adequate management.