Cranio : the Journal of Craniomandibular Practice

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of watchful waiting on mouth breathing in children with OSA. METHODS: Children in the Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial (CHAT) dataset were divided into two groups according to the treatment they received. One question in the OSA-18 Quality-of-Life Survey was chosen to evaluate the severity of mouth breathing. RESULTS: In total, 392 children (adenotonsillectomy group, n = 197 and watchful waiting group, n = 195) were enrolled in the study...

BACKGROUND: The hypoglossal nerve stimulator (HNS) device has been employed in some patients with refractory or unsatisfactory outcomes to chronic obstructive sleep apnea management. The objective of this article is to increase recognition of the radiologic appearances of this device within the head and neck region, as seen on extraoral radiographic and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 55-year-old man, refractory to a multitude of apneic medical therapies, underwent a series of preorthognathic radiologic studies...

OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate the literature and answer the question: "Is there an association between depression and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in adults?" METHODS: The personalized search strategy was applied to PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Articles were selected in two stages according to the eligibility criteria. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used to analyze the risk of bias according to the type of study. RESULTS: The included articles presented a moderate risk of bias...

OBJECTIVE: The reliability and dimensionality of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were explored in adolescents/young adults with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). METHODS: TMD presence was established with the Fonseca Anamnestic Index. Reliability of the DASS-21 for participants with (WT) and without (NT) TMDs was assessed by the Cronbach alpha test, while dimensionality was examined using exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS: Data from 400 participants (mean age 18...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in verifying the level of collapse in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. METHODS: A prospective analysis of 30 patients with confirmed OSA was selected. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) was performed for all cases to determine the level of collapse clinically. Two groups of patients were imaged with CBCT, one at end of expiration and the other at end of inspiration. Virtual endoscopy was performed on CBCT software...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between occlusal problems and hearing symptoms. METHODS: Electromyography, occlusion analysis, and hearing tests were performed on 24 patients with temporomandibular disorders and concurrent ear symptoms and 16 subjects in the control group. RESULTS: The null hypothesis of no statistically significant relationship between pure tone audiometry (PTA) values and disclusion times (DT) > 0...

OBJECTIVE: To answer the question, "Is there any association between sleep disorder and temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) in adults?" METHODS: This study followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO. As eligibility criteria, observational studies that evaluated the association between sleep disorder and TMD were included. Exclusion criteria included a) studies that evaluated sleep quality and not the association of sleep disorders with TMD, b) experimental studies, book chapters, conference proceedings, and systematic reviews...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current clinical study was to test the hypothesis that chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) might be significantly associated with signs of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement. METHODS: The study involved 79 patients with CSOM and 79 control subjects. The TMJ was clinically examined in both groups. RESULTS: Signs of internal derangement of the TMJ(s) were found in 67.1% of CSOM patients versus 26...

OBJECTIVE: Signal peptide CUB-EGF domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE-1) is a cell surface protein, wherein inflammation causes an increase in serum. The aim of this study was to compare serum SCUBE-1 levels in OSA patients and to investigate the serum SCUBE-1 change with CPAP treatment. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 61 severe OSA patients and from 25 control subjects evaluated as simple snorers. The 61 patients with severe OSA were treated with CPAP therapy and were recalled for follow up after 1 year...

OBJECTIVE: Chronic craniomandibular/cervical pain and temporomandibular disorders have not been studied in patients who had a craniotomy several years previously. The aim of the current clinical work was to address these issues. METHODS: A total group of 150 ambulant patients who had a previous craniotomy was subclassified according to whether or not the temporalis muscle was manipulated. RESULTS: The average incidence of multiple subsite regional head and neck pain was 69...

OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this work was to address craniomorphological characteristics of patients with bruxism when compared to those without bruxism using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. METHODS: Seventy CBCT images of an equal number (n = 35) of orthodontic patients with and without bruxism (age range, 18-44 years) were retrospectively analyzed. Sagittal evaluation, mandibular shape, and skeletal asymmetry were systematically assessed in both groups...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether there is a difference between the effects of Bionator and Forsus appliances on airway volume. METHODS: Forty patients with mandibular retrognathia were divided into two groups. The Bionator appliance was applied to Group 1, while the Forsus FRD EZ2 appliance was applied to Group 2. Three-dimensional images were captured before and after functional appliance use in both groups. Dolphin 3D software was used for airway measurements. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of volumetric and area measurements...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the electromyographic activity (EMG) and thermographic patterns of the masseter and temporalis muscles and pressure of the orofacial tissues in individuals with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). METHODS: This study had two distinct groups: with IDD (n = 16) and controls (n = 16). EMG at rest, protrusion, right and left laterality, and maximum voluntary contraction were evaluated. Tongue, orbicularis oris, and buccinator muscles pressures were measured by Iowa Oral Performance Instrument...

OBJECTIVE: This clinical trial aimed to compare the efficacy of two protocols using high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) intra-articular injection in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis and evaluate involvement of subchondral bone changes and psychosocial factors as predictors of HA treatment. METHODS: Twenty-one individuals were divided into two groups: (A) received three intra-articular HA injections, and (B) received one injection...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and predicted bone mineral density (BMD) in adults presenting for orthodontic treatment. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 38 adults divided into OSAS and non-OSAS groups. Using pre-treatment CBCT images, radiographic density (RD) of left and right lateral regions of the 1st cervical vertebrae and dens of the 2nd cervical vertebrae were measured as an indicator for BMD...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the repeatability of the surface EMG variables of myoelectric signals from the masseter and temporalis muscles according to three methods to induce maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in healthy adults. METHODS: Thirty healthy young subjects performed the following three MVC tasks three times each in three sessions on the same day without replacing surface electrodes: clenching the teeth (MVCIC) and biting down on two cotton rolls bilaterally with the posterior teeth (MVCBP) or first molars (MVCB6)...

OBJECTIVE: To study postural changes, taking into account different mandibular positions and the cephalic and plantar body segments. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive, clinical, and observational study was carried out on 76 patients, (mean age 28.79 years), in whom body posture and plantar support were evaluated in the maximum mandibular intercuspal position and the mandibular rest position without dental contact. RESULTS: When the mandibular position was altered, 71...