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Microbiome dysbiosis is associated with disease duration and increased inflammatory gene expression in systemic sclerosis skin.
Arthritis Research & Therapy 2019 Februrary 7
BACKGROUND: Infectious agents have long been postulated to be disease triggers for systemic sclerosis (SSc), but a definitive link has not been found. Metagenomic analyses of high-throughput data allows for the unbiased identification of potential microbiome pathogens in skin biopsies of SSc patients and allows insight into the relationship with host gene expression.
METHODS: We examined skin biopsies from a diverse cohort of 23 SSc patients (including lesional forearm and non-lesional back samples) by RNA-seq. Metagenomic filtering and annotation was performed using the Integrated Metagenomic Sequencing Analysis (IMSA). Associations between microbiome composition and gene expression were analyzed using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA).
RESULTS: We find the skin of SSc patients exhibits substantial changes in microbial composition relative to controls, characterized by sharp decreases in lipophilic taxa, such as Propionibacterium, combined with increases in a wide range of gram-negative taxa, including Burkholderia, Citrobacter, and Vibrio.
CONCLUSIONS: Microbiome dysbiosis is associated with disease duration and increased inflammatory gene expression. These data provide a comprehensive portrait of the SSc skin microbiome and its association with local gene expression, which mirrors the molecular changes in lesional skin.
METHODS: We examined skin biopsies from a diverse cohort of 23 SSc patients (including lesional forearm and non-lesional back samples) by RNA-seq. Metagenomic filtering and annotation was performed using the Integrated Metagenomic Sequencing Analysis (IMSA). Associations between microbiome composition and gene expression were analyzed using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA).
RESULTS: We find the skin of SSc patients exhibits substantial changes in microbial composition relative to controls, characterized by sharp decreases in lipophilic taxa, such as Propionibacterium, combined with increases in a wide range of gram-negative taxa, including Burkholderia, Citrobacter, and Vibrio.
CONCLUSIONS: Microbiome dysbiosis is associated with disease duration and increased inflammatory gene expression. These data provide a comprehensive portrait of the SSc skin microbiome and its association with local gene expression, which mirrors the molecular changes in lesional skin.
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