Tuberculosis notification and treatment outcome among migrant boat arrivals in Malta, 2007-2011.

The annual incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Malta has remained low, at <20 per 100 000 population per year. However, TB notification among vulnerable groups is on the rise and is a matter of public health concern. We measured the TB notification rate, which ranged from 470 to 880/100 000 among migrant boat arrivals 1 year after arrival, highlighting the need to maintain high treatment success rates. Early case detection and high treatment success were observed due to post-arrival screening; however, the need for pragmatic, patient-friendly approaches that will encourage self-referral and access to treatment among migrant groups could play a significant role in preventing the re-emergence of TB in low-incidence settings.