Molecular characterization of Turnip mosaic potyvirus ( TuMV )-infecting radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) crop in India.

Nine isolates of Turnip mosaic potyvirus ( TuMV )-infecting radish collected from different regions of Northern India were characterized. All isolates except for New Delhi and Rajasthan isolates resulted positive for TuMV in double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). RNA was isolated from leaves of infected plants and used in reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with TuMV coat protein (CP) gene-specific primers. Viral amplicons of expected 1000 bp size were obtained, which were further subjected to cloning and sequencing. CP gene of all the seven isolates was 867 bp long, encoding 288 amino acid residues. Percent homology of CP gene of all the Indian isolates among themselves and with other TuMV isolates retrieved from NCBI was in the range of 87-99 and 92-100% at nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based upon CP gene nucleotide and amino acid sequences with other TuMV isolates reported from across the globe using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) inferred classification of test isolates into basal-BR group due to their occurrence nearest to the TuMV isolates belonging to the basal-BR group. Information generated about the characteristic features of TuMV and geographical distribution of particular virus genotype-infecting radish crop will provide a platform for formulating disease resistance strategies.