Outcomes and predictors of mortality among octogenarians and older with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary coronary angioplasty.

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients are at high risk of mortality when they present with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, few data exist about prognostic factors in this sub-group when treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).

HYPOTHESIS: To assess outcome and predictors of mortality among patients aged >80 years treated with pPCI.

METHODS: We evaluated 139 consecutive patients (age 85.1 ± 3.9 years, 43.2% males) who underwent pPCI for STEMI.

RESULTS: Male patients were younger and were more likely to have a history of coronary artery disease. Overall 30-day and 1-year mortality rates were 20.9% and 28.1%, respectively. Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow 3 was achieved in 82% of patients. There was a pPCI success rate in male patients. At univariable analysis, older age, diabetes mellitus, Killip class >III, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40%, no use of stent, failure of pPCI, systolic blood pressure (SBP) <100 mm Hg, and infarct-related artery (left anterior descending vs others) were associated with higher 1-year mortality. Multivariate analysis identified LVEF <40% (hazard ratio: [HR] = 3.70; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-7.87; P = 0.0001), age (1-year step, HR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04-1.23; P = 0.007), failure of pPCI (HR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.44-5.98; P = 0.0001), Killip class ≥III (HR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.03-5.4; P = 0.04) and SBP <100 mm Hg (HR: 2.64; 95% CI: 1.22-5.19; P = 0.01) to be independently associated with increased 1-year mortality.

CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that elderly patients with STEMI have a high risk of mortality, which is particularly high in the first 30 days. Older age, LVEF <40% at admission, hemodynamic instability (higher Killip class or low SBP), and postinterventional TIMI flow <3 were independent predictors of mortality in our population.