[Economic evaluation of targeted biologic therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma].

BACKGROUND: Targeted biologic therapy has been proven to be effective compared to the current therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in clinical studies as well as in actual clinical practice, but its high cost is a potentially limiting factor. Since the local cost-effectiveness analysis is missing, we assessed the cost of sunitinib and sorafenib in the treatment of mRCC in a comprehensive cancer centre.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 31 patients were treated with sunitinib and/or sorafenib between 06/2006 and 09/2009 and then followed for at least 12 months. Clinical (disease progression, adverse events, dose reduction) and cost data (medication, examination, hospitalization) were assessed in the comprehensive cancer centre (1 Euro = 25.78 CZK).

RESULTS: The multikinase inhibitors were the second line treatment for most patients after INF-alpha therapy failure (86.7%). The mean cost per month to progression (PD) was 94,141.8 CZK/3651.7 Euro (sunitinib: 11 months to PD, cost to PD 1,267,648.5 CZK/49,171.8 Euro; sorafenib: 8 months to PD, cost to PD 896,670.1 CZK / 34,781.6 Euro). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 123,659.5 CZK / 4796.7 Euro per progression-free month in sunitinib vs sorafenib patients. The mean cost per month after PD was 45,767.0 CZK/1775.3 Euro with sequential therapy (sorafenib after sunitinib failure and vice-versa in more than half of patients) or best supportive care. 16 patients died during the study period with mean cost of 1,180,795.4CZK/45,802.8 Euro per 12 months (median between treatment initiation with sunitinib or sorafenib and death). 8 patients (26%) did not achieve progression (median progression-free survival to 09/2009: sunitinib 18 months, sorafenib 14 months).

CONCLUSION: The cost of medication made up more than 95% of total costs to PD and more than 90% after PD. The cost per progression-free month was 123,659.5 CZK/4796.7 Euro in mRCC patients treated with sunitinib vs sorafenib.