sleep quality

The glymphatic system is centred around brain cerebrospinal fluid flow and is enhanced during sleep, and the synaptic homeostasis hypothesis proposes that sleep acts on brain microstructure by selective synaptic downscaling. While so far primarily studied in animals, we here examine in humans if brain diffusivity and microstructure is related to time of day, sleep quality and cognitive performance. We use diffusion weighted images from 916 young healthy individuals, aged between 22 and 37 years, collected as part of the Human Connectome Project to assess diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space index, white matter fractional anisotropy, intra-neurite volume fraction and extra-neurite mean diffusivity...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Mindfulness describes the ability to focus on the presence, including one's thoughts and feelings. Trait mindfulness - a person's inherent tendency to be mindful - has been connected to increased subjective sleep quality, but evidence from objective EEG-based sleep measures is lacking. Here, we investigate whether objective EEG-based sleep parameters explain interindividual differences in trait mindfulness. METHODS: Whole-night polysomnographic data were gathered from 52 healthy adults (27 females; agemean = 21...

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to determine the effects of caffeine consumption and sleep on post-spinal headache after spinal anesthesia. BACKGROUND: Post-spinal headache is among the most well-known and common complications of spinal anesthesia. Although caffeine consumption is recommended to prevent headache after spinal anesthesia, caffeine does not prevent headache and causes sleep-related problems. No study in the literature found a correlation between sleep and caffeine consumption after spinal anesthesia and post-spinal headache...

Healthcare professionals are known to suffer from workplace stress and burnout, which can negatively affect their empathy for patients and quality of care. While existing research has identified factors associated with wellbeing and empathy in healthcare professionals, these efforts are typically focused on the group level, ignoring potentially important individual differences and implications for individualized intervention approaches. In the current study, we implemented N-of-1 personalized machine learning (PML) to predict wellbeing and empathy in healthcare professionals at the individual level, leveraging ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) and smartwatch wearable data...

Individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) face increased accident risks due to excessive daytime sleepiness. PERCLOS, a recognized drowsiness detection method, encounters challenges from image quality, eyewear interference, and lighting variations, impacting its performance, and requiring validation through physiological signals. We propose visual-based scoring using adaptive thresholding for eye aspect ratio with OpenCV for face detection and Dlib for eye detection from video recordings. This technique identified 453 drowsiness (PERCLOS ≥ 0...

The consumption of functional foods in a daily diet is a promising approach for the maintenance of cognitive health. The present study examines the effects of water-soluble prebiotic dietary-fiber, partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), on cognitive function and mental health in healthy elderly individuals. Participants consumed either 5 g/day of PHGG or a placebo daily for 12 weeks in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and parallel-group study. An assessment of cognitive functions, sleep quality, and subjective mood evaluations was performed at baseline and after 8 and 12 weeks of either PHGG or placebo intake...

BACKGROUND: More is to be explored between dietary patterns and sleep quality in the Chinese adult population. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including 7987 Shanghai suburban adults aged 20-74 years was conducted. Dietary information was obtained using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to a priori dietary patterns, such as the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and Mediterranean diet (MD), was assessed...

(1) Background: The lockdown, imposed to limit the pandemic evolution, impacted the social habits and lifestyle of inhabitants also from many countries other than Italy. Caffeine consumption could be a useful option to improve mood, as the lockdown strongly affected mental health, particularly increasing anxiety and sleep disorders. (2) Methods: It was a cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the change in caffeine consumption after the pandemic period in a sample of Italian University students. It investigated coffee and products containing caffeine consumption, the anxiety level by State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and sleep quality with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISS)...

Background : Insomnia is increasingly recognized for its marked impact on public health and is often associated with various adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular diseases and mental health disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pre-sleep dim light therapy (LT) as a non-pharmacological intervention for insomnia in adults, assessing its influence on sleep parameters and circadian rhythms. Methods : A randomized, open-label, two-arm clinical trial was conducted over two weeks with 40 participants aged 20-60 years, all of whom had sleep disorders (CRIS, KCT0008501)...

Obesity and metabolic syndrome affect the majority of the US population. Patients with obesity are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), each of which carry the risk of further complications if left untreated and lead to adverse outcomes. The rising prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities has led to increased mortality, decreased quality of life, and rising healthcare expenditures. This phenomenon has resulted in the intensive investigation of exciting therapies for obesity over the past decade, including more treatments that are still in the pipeline...

The occupational requirements of full-time non-administrative firefighters include shift-work schedules and chronic exposure to alerting emergency alarms, hazardous working conditions, and psychologically traumatic events that they must attend and respond to. These compiling and enduring aspects of the career increase the firefighter's risk for insomnia and mental health conditions compared to the general population. Poor sleep quality and mental health impairments are known to coincide with and contribute to the symptom severity of one another...

The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) has been used in various countries to assess the mental states of individuals. The objectives of this study were to validate the DASS-21 for use in Guam, an island that endures a high burden of mental health challenges, such as suicide, and examine the predictive impact of selected health indicators on DASS-21 variables. Three years of data (2017-2019) were pooled from the Pacific Islands Cohort of College Students (PICCS) study conducted annually at the University of Guam...

BACKGROUND: Indigenous Australians score worse on both sleep and oral health. This study aimed to evaluate sleep quality and quantity associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among Indigenous Australian adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 728 Indigenous Australian adults aged 18+ years was conducted. Exposure variables were sleep quality and quantity. The primary outcome variable was Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP14), which has been used to assess OHRQoL...

BACKGROUND: Global awareness of ambient air pollution has heightened due to its detrimental impact on health, particularly in regions with elevated PM2.5 levels. Chiang Mai has emerged as an area experiencing the highest PM2.5 levels in Thailand. OBJECTIVES: to examine the prevalence of respiratory allergies and assess the impact of air pollution on the health-related quality of life (QoL) among university students in Chiang Mai. METHODS: Chiang Mai University (CMU) and Maejo University (MJU) students were recruited...

The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment of osteoid osteomas using bipolar radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and patients' quality of life before and after therapy. We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent bipolar RFA of osteoid osteomas between 2001 and 2016. We assessed patients' symptoms before and after treatment (four weeks after treatment and long-term) using a questionnaire including severity and quality of pain on a 10-point scale (1 = no pain, 10 = severe pain), motion restrictions, pain-related sleep disorders, and necessary pain medication...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), affecting approximately 1 billion adults globally, is characterized by recurrent airway obstruction during sleep, leading to oxygen desaturation, elevated carbon dioxide levels, and disrupted sleep architecture. OSAS significantly impacts quality of life and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in the cardiovascular and cognitive domains. The cyclic pattern of intermittent hypoxia in OSAS triggers oxidative stress, contributing to cellular damage...

UNLABELLED: Fatigue is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD), but even so, it may still be underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed in current practice due to its non-specific manifestations. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of fatigue in PD patients compared to healthy controls and to identify the main characteristics and associations of fatigue with other non-motor symptoms and the impact of fatigue on sleep disturbances in Parkinson's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: case-control study in which 131 PD patients and 131 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled...

The aim of this study was to assess the rates of depression, anxiety, and stress and quality of sleeping among COVID-19 patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A case and control design has been employed, involving patients affected by COVID-19 infection (884 with T2DM vs. 884 controls without T2DM) and hospitalized in Istanbul (Turkey) from January to December 2021. A multivariate stepwise regression approach was used to test the associations between sociodemographic, metabolic, serum markers, mental health scores, and T2DM/COVID-19 patients' clinical presentation...

This study examined associations between COVID-19-related anxiety and sleep in middle-aged and older adults and tested whether these varied by age or sex. In June/July 2020, middle-aged/older adults aged 50+ ( n = 277, 45% women, Mage = 64.68 ± 7.83) in the United States completed measures of sleep and COVID-19-related anxiety. Multiple regressions examined whether anxiety was independently associated with or interacted with age or sex in its associations with sleep health, controlling for age, education, medical conditions, sleep/pain medication use, and COVID-19 status...

Sleep disorders are the most widespread mental disorders after stroke and hurt survivors' functional prognosis, response to restoration, and quality of life. This review will address an overview of the progress of research on the biological mechanisms associated with stroke-complicating sleep disorders. Extensive research has investigated the negative impact of stroke on sleep. However, a bidirectional association between sleep disorders and stroke exists; while stroke elevates the risk of sleep disorders, these disorders also independently contribute as a risk factor for stroke...