Asthma

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are linked to oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), but the exact nature of this association remains unclear. This study aims to examine the potential causal effect of AIDs on the risk of developing OPC. METHOD: Information regarding AIDs was collected from the UK Biobank dataset and the Finn Gen study. OPC data were sourced from the IEU Open GWAS project. All data were derived from European populations. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) to two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was complemented by weighted median and MR Egger validation analyses...

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the number of hospitalizations, the length of hospital stay, and mortality due to asthma, as well as the costs to the Unified Health Care System in Brazil between 2008 and 2021. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study using data from the Information Technology Department of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System. Proportional hospitalization and death rates were estimated per 100,000 population by age, microregion, and year...

OBJECTIVE: To assess differences in the sputum microbiota of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients with either COPD or asthma, specifically focusing on a patient population in Turkey. METHODS: This retrospective study included hospitalized patients > 18 years of age with a diagnosis of pneumonia between January of 2021 and January of 2023. Participants were recruited from two hospitals, and three patient groups were considered: CAP patients with asthma, CAP patients with COPD, and CAP patients without COPD or asthma...

BACKGROUND: We described a case of a patient with a meningioma in the posterior fossa presenting atypically with an isolated unilateral vocal cord palsy causing severe respiratory distress. This is of interest as the patient had no other symptomatology, especially given the size of the mass, which would typically cause a pressure effect leading to neurological and auditory symptoms. CASE SUMMARY: This case report described a 48-year-old male who was married with two children and employed as a car guard...

We present two cases of Pasteurella multocida ( P. multocida ) respiratory infection. The first case involves a 62-year-old female with abnormal chest shadows, a history of bronchial asthma, and colorectal cancer. Endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) revealed granulomatous changes, and P. multocida was cultured. The second case is a 64-year-old female presenting to the emergency department with progressively worsening chest pain and dyspnea, with P. multocida detected from her sputum culture...

OBJECTIVES: Achieving high vaccination rates is very important in the prevention of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as in other infectious diseases. This study aimed to evaluate pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours about COVID-19 vaccination of children. METHODS: Our single-center, descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted between September 20, 2022 and November 30, 2022. The sample consisted of 350 physicians who agreed to fill out the questionnaire voluntarily...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the extent to which patient-users reporting symptoms of five severe/acute conditions requiring emergency care to an AI-based virtual triage (VT) engine had no intention to get such care, and whose acuity perception was misaligned or decoupled from actual risk of life-threatening symptoms. METHODS: A dataset of 3,022,882 VT interviews conducted over 16 months was evaluated to quantify and describe patient-users reporting symptoms of five potentially life-threatening conditions whose pre-triage healthcare intention was other than seeking urgent care, including myocardial infarction, stroke, asthma exacerbation, pneumonia, and pulmonary embolism...

BACKGROUND: Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is characterized by moderate to severe eosinophilia, exclusion of neoplastic or secondary origins of eosinophilia, and systemic involvement with end-organ damage. Coronary arteries can be affected to cause vasospastic angina (VSA); however, the association of the two diseases is not well recognized. CASE SUMMARY: A 55-year-old woman who had a history of multiple allergic disease such as bronchial asthma and chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps was hospitalized due to attacks of chest pain at rest...

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a common obstructive airway disease with an inflammatory etiology. The main unmet need in the management of asthma is inadequate adherence to pharmacotherapy, leading to a poorly-controlled disease state, necessitating the development of novel therapies. Bronchom is a calcio-herbal formulation, which is purported to treat chronic asthma. The objective of the current study was to examine the in-vivo efficacy of Bronchom in mouse model of allergic asthma. METHODS: Ultra high performance liquid chromatography was utilized to analyze the phytocompounds in Bronchom...

Sexual dimorphism in prevalence, severity and genetic susceptibility exists for most common diseases. However, most genetic and clinical outcome studies are designed in sex-combined framework considering sex as a covariate. Few sex-specific studies have analyzed males and females separately, which failed to identify gene-by-sex interaction. Here, we propose a novel unified biologically interpretable deep learning-based framework (named SPIN) for sexual dimorphism analysis. We demonstrate that SPIN significantly improved the C-index up to 23...

BACKGROUND: Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) is a distinct and intricate respiratory condition that requires specific attention and management. The objective of this cohort study was to examine the epidemiological characteristics of ACO, explore the association between ACO and all-cause mortality, and investigate the potential mediating role of depressive symptoms in this association. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018 and National Death Index (NDI) 2019...

Qingke Pingchuan granules (QPGs), which contain Houttuynia cordata Thunb, Fritillaria cirrhosa, fired licorice, and fired bitter almonds, among other components, can clear heat and ventilate the lungs, relieving cough and asthma. Clinically, QPGs are mainly used to treat cough, asthma, fever and other discomforts caused by acute or chronic bronchitis. In this study, the antiviral activity of QPGs against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A virus A/FM/1/47 (H1N1), oseltamivir-resistant H1N1, A/Beijing/32/92 (H3N2), Sendai virus, and human adenovirus type 3 in Hep-2 or MDCK cells was evaluated using the CCK-8 method, and the cytotoxicity of QPGs to these two cell lines was tested...

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The association of cigarette smoking with several severe and very severe diseases (oncological, cardiovascular, respiratory) which have dramatic epidemiological, medical, and financial impact, is a well-known public threat. Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are highly prevalent diseases in Italy, posing significant public health challenges. Tobacco smoking, a primary risk factor for COPD and a common asthma trigger, remains a critical preventable public health issue. While universally acknowledged that quitting smoking drastically reduces the risk of smoking-related health issues, a significant portion of smokers and patients find quitting challenging or undesirable, hence a need for new ways to deal with it...

The Test of Adherence to Inhalers (TAI) Toolkit links an adherence measurement instrument (the TAI) to proven effective interventions for different causes of non-adherence to inhaled medication. This study aimed to assess the usability and feasibility of the TAI Toolkit in clinical practice. The TAI Toolkit was piloted in eight primary and secondary care settings. Each study site included 10 patients with asthma and/or COPD and suspected non-adherence. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) recorded clinical data and TAI Toolkit outcomes...

Asthma has striking disparities across ancestral groups, but the molecular underpinning of these differences is poorly understood and minimally studied. A goal of the Consortium on Asthma among African-ancestry Populations in the Americas (CAAPA) is to understand multi-omic signatures of asthma focusing on populations of African ancestry. RNASeq and DNA methylation data are generated from nasal epithelium including cases (current asthma, N = 253) and controls (never-asthma, N = 283) from 7 different geographic sites to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and gene networks...

BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children, resulting in considerable morbidity and health care utilisation, especially in geographical areas with high deprivation. Parents play a pivotal role in children's asthma management. AIM: To explore the views of parents whose children have asthma, regarding barriers and facilitators to receiving adequate asthma care. DESIGN & SETTING: A qualitative study conducted in an urban, multi-ethnic setting with high socioeconomic deprivation and paediatric asthma related hospital admissions...

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ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: WuHuTang (WHT) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound for treating asthma, and the evidence supports that it has a good effect on acute asthma attacks in children and adults. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important factor in the pathogenesis of acute asthma attacks, and the effect on dendritic cells is the key to its pathogenesis. Previous studies have confirmed that the pathogenesis of viruses is related to exosomes. However, there are few studies on the exosomes induced by RSV...