Cem

Background Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is often inadequate for screening women with a personal history of breast cancer (PHBC). The ongoing prospective Tomosynthesis or Contrast-Enhanced Mammography, or TOCEM, trial includes three annual screenings with both DBT and contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM). Purpose To perform interim assessment of cancer yield, stage, and recall rate when CEM is added to DBT in women with PHBC. Materials and Methods From October 2019 to December 2022, two radiologists interpreted both examinations: Observer 1 reviewed DBT first and then CEM, and observer 2 reviewed CEM first and then DBT...

Aqueous zinc-bromine batteries (ZBBs) are highly promising because of the advantages of safety and cost. Compared with flow ZBBs, static ones without the assistance of pumping and tank components possess decreased cost and increased energy density and efficiency. Yet, the issues of Zn dendrites and shuttle effect of polybromide ions (Br n - ) are more serious in nonflow ZBBs. Meanwhile, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the sluggish kinetics of the Br2 /Br- couple are also in-negligible. Herein, a compressive approach, the cation-exchange membrane (CEM) coating on Zn anodes and N-defect decoration toward carbon felt cathodes, is developed...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is a growing need to comprehend the potential outcomes of nanoparticles (NPs) on human well-being, including their potential for detecting and treating leukemia. This study examined the role of iron folate core-shell and iron oxide nanoparticles in inducing apoptosis and altering the expression of the B-cell lymphoma 2 ( Bcl-2 ), Bcl-2 associated X-protein ( Bax ), and Caspase-3 genes in leukemia cells. METHODS: The obtained iron oxide and iron folate core-shell nanoparticles were analyzed using a variety of analytical techniques, including ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)...

Traumatic injuries to maxillary incisors often result in complex dental complications, such as pulp necrosis and periapical pathology, particularly in young patients. Traditional root canal treatments may prove insufficient, especially for immature teeth requiring apexification. Regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) presents a promising alternative, aiming to eliminate infection while fostering root development and tooth vitality. This case report illustrates the successful management of a necrotic-infected traumatized maxillary incisor in a seven-year-old girl using RET...

Energy sensitive and photon counting detectors can provide improved tissue visualization and material quantification capabilities in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) systems. However, their implementation in CBCT systems is more challenging, which is in part due to high fluence of scattered X-rays in wide cone angle CBCT geometry. Specifically, high scatter contamination in lower energy spectrum challenges reconstruction of high fidelity CBCT images by using lower energy X-rays. To address this problem, we investigated a robust scatter rejection with 2D antiscatter grids in a benchtop photon counting and compact CBCT system...

This study reevaluates the conventional understanding of midbrain anatomy and neuroanatomical nomenclature in the context of recent genetic and anatomical discoveries. The authors assert that the midbrain should be viewed as an integral part of the forebrain due to shared genetic determinants and evolutionary lineage. The isthmo-mesencephalic boundary is recognized as a significant organizer for both the caudal midbrain and the isthmo-cerebellar area. The article adopts the prosomeric model, redefining the whole brain as neuromeres, offering a more precise depiction of brain development, including processes like proliferation, neurogenesis, cell migration, and differentiation...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Accurate identification of molecular biomarker statuses is crucial in cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Studies have demonstrated that medical images could be utilized for non-invasive prediction of biomarker statues. The biomarker status-associated features extracted from medical images are essential in developing medical image-based non-invasive prediction models. Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is a promising imaging technique for breast cancer diagnosis...

Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS) are devices used to measure and report real-time emission of air pollutants. Although CEMS have been extensively deployed in developed countries to ensure compliance with emission standards and enhance their environmental performance, their adoption in India is still in its early stages. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of CEMS in India, identify obstacles in terms of policy, regulation, technology and finance that impede their adoption and suggest mechanisms and incentives to facilitate their expansion...

The centrifugal pump is the workhorse of many industrial and domestic applications, such as water supply, wastewater treatment and heating. While modern pumps are reliable, their unexpected failures may jeopardise safety or lead to significant financial losses. Consequently, there is a strong demand for early fault diagnosis, detection and predictive monitoring systems. Most prior work on machine learning-based centrifugal pump fault detection is based on either synthetic data, simulations or data from test rigs in controlled laboratory conditions...

Background and Objectives: The incidence of hip fractures in people of advanced ages is increasing due to our aging society. Patient positioning for the intertrochanteric fractures of the femur can be performed in various ways. The aim of this study is to clinically and radiologically compare the use of the supine hemilithotomy position, the lateral decubitus position, and the traction table when performing proximal femoral nail (PFN) surgery for femoral intertrochanteric fractures in the geriatric age group...

Tofu whey, a by-product of tofu production, is rich in nutrients such as proteins, minerals, fats, sugars and polyphenols. In a previous work, protein recovery from tofu whey was studied by using a coupled environmental process of ED + EDBM to valorize this by-product. This process allowed protein recovery by reducing the ionic strength of tofu whey during the ED process and acidifying the proteins to their isoelectric point during EDBM. However, membrane fouling was not investigated. The current study focuses on the fouling of membranes at each step of this ED and EDBM process...

INTRODUCTION: Apolipoprotein-L1 (APOL1) is a primate-specific protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Two variants of APOL1 (G1 and G2), provide resistance to parasitic infections in African Americans but are also implicated in kidney-related diseases and transplant outcomes in recipients. This study aims to identify these risk variants using a novel probe-independent quantitative real-time PCR method in a high African American recipient cohort. Additionally, it aims to develop a new stratification approach based on a haplotype-centric model...

PURPOSE: Contrast-enhanced spectral imaging (CEM) is a new mammography technique, but its diagnostic value in dense breasts is still inconclusive. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of CEM for suspicious findings in dense breasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched systematically until August 6, 2023. Prospective and retrospective studies were included to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CEM for suspicious findings in dense breasts...

Breast Background Parenchymal Enhancement (BPE) is correlated with
the risk of breast cancer. BPE level is currently assessed by radiologists in Contrast-Enhanced
Mammography (CEM) using 4 classes: minimal, mild, moderate and marked, as described
in Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). However, BPE classification re-
mains subject to intra- and inter-reader variability. Fully automated methods to assess BPE
level have already been developed in breast Contrast-Enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) and have been
shown to provide accurate and repeatable BPE level classification...

Welcome Family is a universal, short-term nurse home visiting program designed to promote optimal maternal and infant physical and mental well-being and provide an entry point into the early childhood system of care to all families with newborns up to 8 weeks old living in defined communities in Massachusetts. The present study examines whether: 1) Welcome Family meets its goal of successfully connecting families to two early childhood programs-evidence-based home visiting (EBHV) and early intervention (EI)-relative to families with similar background experiences who do not participate in Welcome Family, and 2) whether these impacts are conditional on families' race and ethnicity and their primary language-two characteristics that are related to structural racism and health inequities...

BACKGROUND: Evidence of COVID-19 vaccine safety relied upon the global vaccine monitoring infrastructure due to shortened clinical development timelines and emergency use licensure. Differences in AVSS capacity between high-income countries (HICs) versus low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were known prior to the pandemic. OBJECTIVE: To assess the global landscape of COVID-19 vaccine AVSS activities to identify gaps in safety evidence generation across vaccine products and populations with a focus on LMICs...

INTRODUCTION: Preterm identification of cervical dilation in pregnant women leads to the application of emergency cervical cerclage with an expectation of achieving term delivery. However, this is not always feasible. Short- and long-term neonatal complications post-preterm birth pose a significant challenge. It is crucial to anticipate potential complications and understand the possibilities of postpartum development as they can be encountered. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the degree of cervical dilatation before ultrasound and physical examination-indicated cerclage in singleton pregnancies presenting with premature cervical dilatation with bulging fetal membranes (rescue cerclage) on subsequent neonatal outcomes...

AIM: The view that the biofilm layer formed on the implant surface is the main cause of treatment failure is more prominent. However, it is known that every bacterium has strains that can and cannot form biofilms. In this study, biofilm-forming and non-biofilm-forming strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were used to investigate the effect of the biofilm-forming ability of the bacteria on treatment in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty rats were divided into four equal groups as Group 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B...

PURPOSE: Behçet's disease (BD) is an autoimmune chronic systemic inflammatory disease characterized by a versatile clinical spectrum. Growth arrest specific protein 6 (GAS6)/soluble AXL (sAXL) signaling pathway draws attention in the resolution of inflammation, and its deficiency is associated with chronic inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, as well as clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes - efferocytosis. In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether GAS6/sAXL, interleukin (IL)-10, nitric oxide (NO), and BCL-2 levels were associated with inflammation and efferocytosis contributes to the pathogenesis of BD...

Dishop (see record 2022-78260-001) identifies the consensus emergence model (CEM) as a useful tool for future research on emergence but argues that autoregressive models with positive autoregressive effects are an important alternative data-generating mechanism that researchers need to rule out. Here, we acknowledge that alternative data-generating mechanisms are possibility for most, if not all, nonexperimental designs and appreciate Dishop's attempts to identify cases where the CEM could provide misleading results...