Gastric cancer

High heterogeneity has been reported among epidemiological studies exploring the relationship between metformin and the risk of gastric cancer. Immortal time bias might be one of the vital factors causing heterogeneity because of its widespread existence in pharmacological observational studies and it could severely exaggerate the drug's effectiveness. Immortal time bias could occur in an observational study if exposure status is determined based on a measurement or event that occurs after baseline. In this study, we aimed to assess whether immortal time bias is responsible for the false assumption that metformin reduces the risk of gastric cancer...

Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis is one rare pattern of pulmonary metastases in advanced cancers. Gastric cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer that causes pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis. However, recurrent gastric cancer presenting as pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis after surgery is extremely rare. Furthermore, recurrence is usually observed within 5 years. We present the first case of pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis in a patient with recurrent gastric cancer, 19 years after resection...

PURPOSE: As the frequency of cancer in the proximal stomach or around the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) increases worldwide, the use of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG) has expanded. This study evaluated the safety of LPG with double-tract reconstruction (LPG-DT) and the resulting quality of life (QOL) of patients. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the data of patients who underwent LPG-DT via linear-stapled esophagojejunostomy for gastric or EGJ cancer between 2013 and 2019, and outcomes were compared with those of laparoscopic total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction (LTG-RY) peMME000372rformed over the same period...

BACKGROUND: The role of endoscopic resection (ER) in the management of subsets of clinical T1N0 gastric adenocarcinoma remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of ER versus gastrectomy in node-negative cT1a and cT1b gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Data from the National Cancer Database (2010-2015) were used to identify patients with clinical T1aN0 (n = 2927; ER: n = 1157, gastrectomy: n = 1770) and T1bN0 (n = 2915; ER: n = 474, gastrectomy: n = 2441) gastric adenocarcinoma...

INTRODUCTION: After D2 gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer, patients with a high drainage fluid amylase level (d-AMY) on the first postoperative day (1POD) have an especially high risk of severe abdominal infectious complications (AICs), which could be fatal. On the hypothesis that prolonged antibiotic administration could reduce the incidence of severe AICs, we conducted a randomized phase II study to evaluate the optimal treatment duration of prophylactic antibiotics for patients who underwent D2 gastrectomy and had elevated d-AMY on 1POD...

Aberrant Notch activation has been implicated in multiple malignancies and the identification of NOTCH receptors and related pathways is critical for targeted therapy. In this study, we aim to delineate the most prominent dysregulated NOTCH receptor and comprehensively reveal its deregulation in gastric cancer (GC). In the four Notch members, NOTCH3 was found uniformly upregulated and associated with poor clinical outcomes in multiple GC datasets. siRNA-mediated NOTCH3 knockdown demonstrated antitumor effects by suppressing cell proliferation, inhibiting monolayer formation, and impairing cell invasion abilities...

To explore the predictive performance of machine learning on the recurrence of patients with gastric cancer after the operation. The available data is divided into two parts. In particular, the first part is used as a training set (such as 80% of the original data), and the second part is used as a test set (the remaining 20% of the data). And we use fivefold cross-validation. The weight of recurrence factors shows the top four factors are BMI, Operation time, WGT and age in order. In training group:among the 5 machine learning models, the accuracy of gbm was 0...

This study aimed to compare the effects of volatile anesthesia and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) on syndecan-1 shedding in patients with gastric cancer undergoing minimally invasive gastrectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to either the Volatile (n = 68) or the TIVA (n = 68) group. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane/remifentanil or propofol/remifentanil in the Volatile and TIVA groups, respectively. Serum syndecan-1 was evaluated at pre-operation, end of operation, and postoperative day (POD) 1...

Mutations in ARID1A rank amongst the most common molecular aberrations in human cancer. However, oncogenic consequences of ARID1A mutation in human cells remain poorly defined due to lack of forward genetic models. Here, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ARID1A knockout in primary TP53-/- human gastric organoids induced morphologic dysplasia, tumorigenicity and mucinous differentiation. Genetic Wnt/B-catenin activation rescued mucinous differentiation, but not hyperproliferation, suggesting alternative pathways of ARID1A KO-mediated transformation...

Purpose : Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) arises from interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) or their precursors, which are present throughout the gastrointestinal tract. While gastric GIST is commonly indolent and small intestine GIST more aggressive, a molecular understanding of disease behavior would inform therapy decisions in GIST. Although a core transcription factor (TF) network is conserved across GIST, accessory TFs HAND1 and BARX1 are expressed in a disease state-specific pattern. Here, we characterize two divergent transcriptional programs maintained by HAND1 and BARX1, and evaluate their association with clinical outcomes...

BACKGROUND: No evidence currently exists characterising global outcomes following major cancer surgery, including esophageal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to characterise impact of high income countries (HIC) versus low and middle income countries (LMIC) on the outcomes following esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. METHOD: This international multi-center prospective study across 137 hospitals in 41 countries included patients who underwent an esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, with 90-day follow-up...

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: The Revista de Gastroenterología de México (RGM), founded in 1935, is one of the most influential journals of scientific dissemination in Mexico and Latin America. The aim of the present review was to characterize the RGM's most frequently cited original articles, review articles, and consensuses. METHODS: The most cited original articles, review articles, and consensuses of the RGM were identified using the Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases...

Interleukin (IL)-4 and -13 are structurally and functionally related cytokines sharing common receptor subunits. They regulate immune responses and, moreover, are involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of human neoplasms. Three different receptors have been described for IL-4, but only IL-4 receptor type II (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1) is expressed in solid tumors. While IL-13 can also bind to three different receptors, IL-13 receptor type I (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1/IL-13Rα2) and type II (IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1) are expressed in solid tumors...

BACKGROUND: Lymph node (LN) yield is a key quality indicator that is associated with improved staging in surgically resected gastric cancer. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends a yield of ≥15 LNs for proper staging, yet most facilities in the United States fail to achieve this number. The present study aimed to identify factors that could affect LN yield on a facility level and identify outlier hospitals. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of adults (aged ≥18 y) with gastric cancer (Tumor-Node-Metastasis Stages I-III) who underwent gastrectomy...

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be responsible for tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Submucosal invasion, which greatly enhances metastasis risk, is a critical step in gastric cancer (GC) progression. To identify stem cell-related markers associated with submucosal invasion and lymph node (LN) metastasis in GCs, we investigated the expression of candidate CSC markers (CD133, CD44, and ALDH1A) and intestinal stem cell (ISC) markers (EPHB2, OLFM4, and LGR5) in early GCs that manifested submucosal invasion...

AIMS: The recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer has always been an important factor affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer. Cancer stem cells can promote the recurrence and growth of gastric cancer. The identification and isolation of gastric cancer stem cells contribute to the origin, progress and treatment strategy of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to identify and isolate gastric cancer stem cells, and provide targets for the treatment of gastric cancer. METHODS: Magnetic-activated cell sorting was used to isolate CD133+/CD166+ cell populations from human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines (BGC-823 and SGC-7901)...

PURPOSE: Clinical trials have shown that palliative chemotherapy (PC) improves survival in patients with incurable esophageal and gastric cancer; however, outcomes achieved in routine practice are unknown. We describe treatment patterns and outcomes among patients treated in the general population of Ontario, Canada. METHODS: The Ontario Cancer Registry was used to identify patients with esophageal or gastric cancer from 2007 to 2016, and data were linked to other health administrative databases...

Localized cancer chemotherapy through injectable hydrogels is a next-generation advanced substitute for the currently operational systemic route of drug administration. Recently, several hydrogels have been developed for prospective drug delivery applications; however, no in vitro disease model is available to evaluate its long-term bioactivity in real time. In this regard, we have designed a porous silk scaffold that provides a single platform to accommodate both the soft hydrogel and cancer cells together...

BACKGROUND: Exosome-mediated transfer of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is related to gastric cancer (GC) development. CircRNA NIMA-related kinase 9 (circNEK9; hsa_circ_0032683) was reported to be up-regulated in GC. AIMS: The biological role of circNEK9 and its underlying mechanisms in GC progression were explored. METHODS: The levels of RNAs and proteins were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot assay...

BACKGROUND: Circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to be closely associated with cancer progression, including gastric cancer (GC). However, the function of circ_0004104 in GC progression has not been clarified. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to explore the role of circ_0004104 in GC progression. METHODS: The expression levels of circ_0004104, miR-539-3p, and ring finger protein 2 (RNF2) were assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction...