Ards

Fibrotic lung changes are well-known complications of SARS, MERS, and ARDS from other causes and are anticipated in recovered COVID patients. However, there is limited data so far showing a temporal relationship between lung changes on imaging in the acute phase and follow-up imaging after recovery from the infection. We present 12 patients who demonstrate the development of interstitial lung changes and pulmonary fibrosis in the same distribution and pattern as the acute phase findings, up to 6 months after the acute infection, demonstrating a direct relationship between these changes and COVID-19 pneumonia...

Objective : Efficacy and safety of Itolizumab, an immunomodulatory mAb, in treating moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to cytokine release in COVID-19 patients was evaluated in a multi-centric, open-label, two-arm, controlled, randomized, phase-2 study. Methods : Patients were randomized (2:1) to Arm-A (best supportive care [BSC]+Itolizumab) and Arm-B (BSC). Primary outcome of interest was reduction in mortality 30-days after enrollment. Results : Thirty-six patients were screened, five treated as first-dose-sentinels and rest randomized, while four patients were screen-failures...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical critical condition of the respiratory system, with a high fatality rate and lack of effective drug treatment, hence it is a global medical problem to be solved urgently. Recently, with the in-depth research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) at home and abroad, more and more evidences suggest that EVs play a critical role in the initiation, development and progression of ARDS and have potential clinical application value. The role of different cells derived EVs in ARDS will be reviewed in this paper...

Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a common respiratory disease in clinic, and with a pathological manifestation of pulmonary edema, decreased pulmonary compliance as well as pulmonary epithelial/endothelial cells injury. At present, it was suggested that systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused by various causes which play an important role in the occurrence and development of ALI/ARDS. Widely activated neutrophils can migrate to lung tissue and release plenty of proteases in the procedure of SIRS, including neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs), lysozyme, myeloperoxidase and collagenase, which can induce severe lung injury...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to severe multiple trauma and the role of clinical guidance. METHODS: The clinical data of 115 patients with severe multiple trauma admitted to the trauma center of Zhenjiang First People's Hospital from December 2017 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether ARDS occurred within 1 week of the disease course, the patients were divided into ARDS group and non-ARDS group...

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) combined with prone position ventilation (PPV) on oxygenation index (PaO2 /FiO2 ), respiratory compliance (Crs) and vasoactive inotropic score (VIS) in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. METHODS: Eighteen patients with severe ARDS requiring VV-ECMO support in Liuzhou People's Hospital from June 2018 to April 2020 were selected for retrospective analysis, and 8 patients among of these cases received PPV after VV-ECMO...

Due to frequent and often severe lung affections caused by COVID-19, murine models of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are increasingly used in experimental lung research. The one induced by a single lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure is practical. However, whether it is preferable to administer LPS intranasally or intratracheally remains an open question. Herein, female C57Bl/6 J mice were exposed intranasally or intratracheally to one dose of either saline or 3 mg/kg of LPS. They were studied 24 h later...

Little is known about the light phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, which behaves in an unusual way, unlike other known respiratory diseases. We believe that the histopathological features of early COVID-19 could be considered the pathophysiological hallmark of this disease. Lung cryobiopsies show almost pristine alveoli, enlarged/hyperplasic alveolar capillaries along with dilatation of the post capillary pulmonary venules. Hypoxemia could therefore be explained by a reduction of the normal V/Q ratio, due to blood overflow around well ventilated alveoli...

Extracorporeal life support treatments such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have been recommended for the treatment of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To date, many countries, including China, have adopted ECMO as a treatment for severe COVID-19. However, marked differences in patient survival rates have been reported, and the underlying reasons are unclear. This study aimed to summarize the experience of using ECMO to treat severe COVID-19 and provide suggestions for improving ECMO management...

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by an inflammatory injury to the lung. Dysregulated inflammation is the cardinal feature of ARDS. Methylprednisolone is an option for treating ARDS. However, the benefits and adverse effects of methylprednisolone have not been well assessed in patients with ARDS. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone against ARDS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The electronic database of Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang were searched, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone for ARDS were included...

PURPOSE: While full description of pediatric COVID-19 manifestations is evolving, children appear to present less frequently, and often display a less severe disease phenotype. There is correspondingly less data regarding pediatric radiologic findings. To describe the imaging findings of pediatric COVID-19, we evaluated the radiologic imaging of the initial patient cohort identified at our institution. METHODS: In this IRB approved study, all patients at our institution aged 0-21 with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) based on PCR or immunoglobulin testing were identified...

A novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 which initially originated in China has outstretched to all nations and turned out to be an intense global concern for both the governments and the public. In addition to the health concerns, COVID-19 pandemic has caused tremendous impact on economic and political conditions of every nation. Ever since the start of pandemic the physicians were constrained to rely on the management strategies due to lack of clear understanding of the disease pathogenesis caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection...

With the arrival of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brazil in February 2020, several preventive measures were taken by the population aiming to avoid severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection including the use of masks, social distancing, and frequent hand washing then, these measures may have contributed to preventing infection also by other respiratory viruses. Our goal was to determine the frequencies of Influenza A and B viruses (FLUAV/FLUBV), human mastadenovirus C (HAdV-C), Enterovirus 68 (EV-68), and rhinovirus (RV) besides SARS-CoV-2 among hospitalized patients suspect of COVID-19 with cases of acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) in the period of March to December 2020 and to detect possible coinfections among them...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and paraclinical features and outcomes of pregnant and nonpregnant women with COVID-19. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective cohort study of pregnant and nonpregnant women of reproductive age hospitalized between March and October 2020 in Tehran, Iran. Medical records were reviewed and women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on RT-PCR were included. Extracted data were compared and logistic regression performed. RESULTS: A total of 110 pregnant and 234 nonpregnant COVID-19-positive women were included...

Since November 2019, SARS Coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) pandemic has spread through more than 195 nations worldwide. Though the coronavirus infection affects all age and sex groups, the mortality is skewed towards the elderly population and the cause of death is mostly acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). There are data suggesting the role of excessive immune activation and cytokine storm as the cause of lung injury in COVID-19. The excessive immune activation and cytokine storm usually occurs due to an imbalance in redox homeostasis of the individuals...

COVID-19 is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by SARS-COV 2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus) that has become a global pandemic. COVID-19 mainly causes the respiratory complications of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), cytokine storm, and severe immune disruptions. The assays depict that though people recuperate from COVID-19, there are still symptoms that persists in the body causing discomfort, which is the consequence of the viral infection due to severe immune disruptions...

BACKGROUND: Intravenous fluids are widely used to treat circulatory deterioration in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). However, the accumulation of fluids in the first days of PARDS is associated with adverse outcome. As such, early fluid restriction may prove beneficial, yet the effects of such a fluid strategy on the cardio-pulmonary physiology in PARDS is unclear. In this study, we compared the effect of a restrictive to a liberal fluid strategy on hemodynamic response and the formation of pulmonary edema in an animal model of PARDS...

BACKGROUND: Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) has been used successfully for the past decade in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) refractory to conventional ventilatory support. However, knowledge of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in VV-ECMO patients is still limited. Thus, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the HRQoL following VV-ECMO support in ARDS patients. METHODS: A systematic search was performed on PubMed and Web of Science databases from January 1st, 2009 to October 19th, 2020...

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate hyperferritinemia could be a predicting factor of mortality in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Methods: A total of 100 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in intensive care unit (ICU) were enrolled and classified into moderate ( n  = 17), severe ( n  = 40) and critical groups ( n  = 43). Clinical information and laboratory results were collected and the concentrations of ferritin were compared among different groups...

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known to cause severe bilateral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), leading to difficulty breathing requiring mechanical ventilation and ICU management. In many patients, it has been found to cause severe hypercoagulability. We present a case of COVID-19 positive patient who developed myocardial infarction (MI) despite being on multiple anticoagulants. A 51-year-old, Middle-Eastern male diabetic patient presented to the emergency room with complaints of sudden onset left leg pain, paresthesias, and swelling for one day...