Przegla̜d Gastroenterologiczny

AIM: To assess the association of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the psoas muscles and psoas muscle index (PMI) with the activity and behaviour of Crohn's disease (CD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 88 CD patients who underwent magnetic resonance enterography. Patients were classified according to the Montreal Classification in uncomplicated (non-stricturing, non-penetrating, B1), and complicated (structuring [B2] and penetrating disease [B3])...

Patients with liver cirrhosis constitute a critically ill and unique population, and their stability relies on a well-coordinated multidisciplinary team with a carefully structured plan. Overlooking any aspect of this plan can expedite disease progression, leading to severe complications. The lack of disease-specific nutritional guidance, the prevalent sedentary lifestyle among patients, and insufficient screening for hepatocellular carcinoma, oesophageal varices, sarcopaenia, minimal hepatic encephalopathy, and diabetes mellitus, along with fibrosis progression and cirrhosis decompensation, can add further complexities...

INTRODUCTION: Although the phenomenon of cytokine storm is well described in patients with severe COVID-19, little is known about the role of the immune system in asymptomatic patients, especially in the group with autoimmune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). AIM: To assess the stimulation of the immune system expressed through the production of cytokines in IBD patients with asymptomatic COVID-19. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a multi-centre, prospective study in which the concentration of many cytokines (IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL- 15, IL-17, IL-23, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TNF-β) was assessed in patients with IBD and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosed by serological tests...

INTRODUCTION: Although there are studies in the literature showing that celiac disease (CD) is more common in patients with microscopic colitis (MC), there are publications to the contrary. The pathophysiologies of both diseases are different from each other. AIM: To investigate the frequency of CD in MC patients, the different features of these 2 diseases, and the relationship between them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our prospective and cross-sectional analytical study, the presence of CD was investigated in 90 patients diagnosed with MC by colonoscopy and biopsy due to chronic diarrhoea between September 2011 and December 2021...

INTRODUCTION: The primary objective was to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of itopride as an add-on therapy to a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. AIM: Reflux disease affects the largest percentage of the population worldwide, symptoms overlap with many other conditions which hamper diagnostic and therapy presenting challenges in treating patients and prompting an intensive search for new, more effective therapeutic regimens...

INTRODUCTION: Growing adoption of endoscopic procedures in clinical practice has gradually increase the detection rate of gastric polypoid lesions. AIM: To identify the epidemiologic characteristics of gastric polyps as well as changes of these parameters during a 15-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed all the upper endoscopies archived in our database reporting a polypoid lesion from 2003 to 2018. Demographic data, indication for endoscopy, morphological characteristics of polyps, histology, and presence of Helicobacter pylori were collected...

INTRODUCTION: The leaves and seeds of Urtica dioica (UD) are used in folk treatments for many diseases. Anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiallergenic properties of UD have been reported. AIM: To uncover the effects of nettle seed ( Urtica dioica ; UD) extract on body weight gain in rats on a high-fat diet (HFD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Male Wistar albino rats ( n = 32) were divided into 4 groups, comprising a control group, a group that received a HFD (HFD group), a group that received UD extracts (UD group), and a group that received a HFD as well as UD extracts (HFD + UD group)...

Numerous physiological processes occurring in the digestive system are subject to circadian rhythms, which are regulated by the endogenous biological clock. The motor activity of the small intestine, large intestine, and rectum operates in a 24-hour system, with significant differences between day and night periods. It is primarily correlated with the time of meals, hormone secretion rhythms, and other activities undertaken by the organism. In recent years, numerous scientific reports have emerged about the fundamental role of circadian rhythms in the proper functioning of the gut microbiota...

INTRODUCTION: Pancreaticoduodenectomy is a major procedure. Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a frequent postoperative complication that is attributed to several factors. AIM: To investigate the probable association between perineural infiltrations and DGE, and the effects on overall survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 123 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy were enrolled in the study. Factors like the presence of perineural infiltrations and post-operative DGE along with age, gender, presence of postoperative fistula, and grade of fistula and postoperative haemorrhage were analysed, and survival analyses were conducted...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) encompass a wide spectrum of disorders that may be diagnosed using the Rome criteria. AIM: To identify the prevalence and risk factors for the development of FGIDs in Jordanian infants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of FGIDs among infants and characterise any possible risk factors. Between 1 January 2020, and 30 December 2020, patients who presented to the paediatric follow-up clinic at King Abdullah University Hospital were recruited...

INTRODUCTION: One of the urgent tasks of modern healthcare is the development of measures aimed at preventing obesity in the able-bodied population, including in the Republic of Kazakhstan, which would reduce economic losses and increase the coefficient of life expectancy in the population. AIM: To identify measures for the early prevention of excess weight, obesity, and carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the able-bodied population at an industrial facility in Kazakhstan...

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) poses a persistent challenge in healthcare, with substantial morbidity and mortality implications. This comprehensive review explores current CDI management, emphasising guidelines from IDSA, SHEA, and ESCMID. Additionally, this study spotlights recent drug developments that have the potential to reshape CDI treatment paradigms. Within the current treatment landscape, fidaxomicin, vancomycin, bezlotoxumab, and faecal microbiota transplantation offer varied options, each with its unique strengths and limitations...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: In heart pathology, abdominal pathology is often detected, but due attention has not been paid to this issue, and algorithms for predicting, preventing, and correcting the coefficient of endothelial dysfunction (CED) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with the use of artificial circulation (AC) have not been developed. AIM: To substantiate the pathogenetic expediency of correction of postoperative intestinal paresis after coronary artery bypass grafting for the prevention of functional cardiac complications...

INTRODUCTION: The data on the relationship between inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and the course of COVID-19 from East-Central Europe are scarce. AIM: To assess the frequency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in IBD patients and the impact of IBD on the COVID-19 course from the perspective of a Polish tertiary centre. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on SARS-CoV-2 infection were retrospectively collected among IBD patients hospitalized in a Polish tertiary centre from March 2020 to May 2021...

INTRODUCTION: An anastomotic leak is a life-threatening complication after gastrectomy. A fully covered, self-expandable, metal stent (FC-SEMS) can be used as an alternative to traditional surgical re-intervention. However, stent migration can be worrisome. AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of anchoring of the distal flare of the FC-SEMS to the jejunum by using through-the-scope (TTS) endoclips to prevent stent migration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients, who received a FC-SEMS capable of being fixed to the jejunum by using TTS endoclips due to an anastomotic leak after gastrectomy, were reviewed retrospectively...

Diseases affecting the peritoneum are diverse, ranging from reactive to neoplastic. The abdomen with its peritoneal cavity is part of the body in which diseases are usually thought to be diagnosed and treated almost exclusively by surgeons. However, it is often the general physician who is faced with the initial diagnosis of many of the common diseases of the region, the diagnosis of which may be very difficult. In addition, many chronic lesions that may require surgical treatment may first be seen by the general physician or gastroenterologist...

INTRODUCTION: Retrospective exploratory analysis to identify biomarker pairs in the AVAGAST Phase III study. AIM: The main hypothesis of this retrospective exploratory biomarker analysis is the identification of dichotomization levels based on optimal selection driven by the predictive value of single biomarkers. The outcome of interest optimization might unveil additional treatment benefits. Furthermore, testing the biomarker pairs at their optimal cut-off selection might provide the predictive score candidates...

INTRODUCTION: The development of intestinal paresis after surgery in patients with acute surgical conditions complicated by peritonitis is an urgent problem of abdominal surgery. AIM: To study the effectiveness of the developed methods, as well as to predict the risk of intestinal paresis, and establish the possibilities of correcting this condition in patients with acute surgical pathology complicated by peritonitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients were examined, in whom the temperature parameters of the mucous membrane and skin of the cheek were measured, based on which the probability of developing paresis was predicted...