Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences

[This corrects the article on p. 57 in vol. 16, PMID: 37305769.].

BACKGROUND: Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) are often used by men for bodybuilding and to improve sports performance. The use is not limited to professional competitive athletes, but many amateur men. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess and systematically review the effects of AAS on male fertility parameters, spermiogram, testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH) and to review reversibility and other morbidity impacting fertility...

BACKGROUND: Turner syndrome (TS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality in females. The diagnosis of TS is based on karyotyping of 30 blood lymphocytes. This technique does not rule out tissue mosaicism or low-grade mosaicism in the blood. Because of the associated risk of gonadoblastoma, mosaicism is especially important in case this involves a Y chromosome. AIMS: This study was set to determine the value of additional genetic studies such as fluorescent in situ hybridisation and the inclusion of buccal cells in search for mosaicism in TS patients...

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex genetic trait, the pathogenesis of which is governed by an interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors. However, the aetiology of PCOS is not fully understood. AIMS: The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic causes of PCOS by identifying rare variants in genes implicated in its pathophysiology. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a hospital-based observational study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used whole-exome sequencing for 52 PCOS women to identify the rare variants in genes related to PCOS pathogenesis...

BACKGROUND: There is ongoing research to find an optimum modality to predict male fertility potential. AIMS: To compare the semen parameters, sperm DNA damage and seminal metal levels of Zinc, Lead and Aluminium among the male partners of couples with unexplained infertility and men with proven fertility. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Prospective case-control study at a tertiary level teaching hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred male partners of couples with unexplained subfertility and 50 men with proven fertility were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have unique characteristics depending on its phenotype. Therefore, prediction of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) response and assisted reproductive technique (ART) outcome in these becomes challenging. AIMS: To assess the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in various polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes and to evaluate the predictive value of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and total testosterone on ART success...

BACKGROUND: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as the failure of two or more clinically recognised pregnancies before 20 weeks of gestation. The prevalence of clinically evident RPL is 1%-2% worldwide. The aetiologies of RPL include uterine anatomic anomalies, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, untreated hypothyroidism, parental chromosomal abnormalities, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, thrombophilia, genetic abnormalities and infections. AIMS: This study was aimed at investigating the possible association between CYP11A1 (rs11632698) and (rs4077582) polymorphisms with RPL in the female population of Punjab...

BACKGROUND: Infertility is a disease of the male or female reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. AIMS: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of infertility and its association with reproductive risk factors amongst women of reproductive age group (18-49 years) in district Sonepat, Haryana. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This observational community-based cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 444 reproductive age group (18-49 years) women residing in district Sonepat, from August 2021 to May 2022...

Turner syndrome (TS) is the most frequently detected chromosomal abnormality in females caused by the partial or complete absence of second X chromosome. Due to varied phenotypical presentation, the diagnosis of TS can create a spectrum of clinical concerns related to morbidity and mortality. At least 10% of Turner females exhibit the presence of Y chromosome or Y-derived sequences. Patients with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism may have a phenotypic variation of the external genitalia and exhibit features ranging from normal male to ambiguous to female genitalia with features of TS...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA) syndrome is a very rare type of Müllerian duct anomaly. Cases of OHVIRA syndrome have varied clinical manifestations. We report the case of a 15-year-old virgin with endometrial cyst and OHVIRA syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of OHVIRA syndrome. A salpingo-oophorectomy laparotomy was performed, but the patient refused to perform a septotomy or vaginal septal resection. We compared the cases of OHVIRA syndrome that we found with several other reports...

[This corrects the article on p. 148 in vol. 16, PMID: 37547084.].

BACKGROUND: Time-lapse incubators allow for ongoing evaluation of embryos without culture condition disruption. The use of time-lapse incubation has been shown to improve outcomes either by improving overall conditions or providing additional information to aid in embryo selection for transfer. Time-lapse incubators can also utilise morphokinetic models to rank embryos based on morphokinetic parameters. We sought to compare a morphokinetic model for embryo comparison to traditional morphologic evaluation...

BACKGROUND: Poor responders may benefit from recruiting a 'second wave' of antral follicles within the same cycle. This concept forms the basis of double stimulation which has been named as 'DuoStim'. This protocol involves ovarian stimulation in both follicular and luteal phases with egg retrieval in each phase, respectively, to increase the number of oocytes and embryos in one menstrual cycle. This can be considered a potentially valuable option for women with poor ovarian reserve/response to maximise the number of oocytes retrieved in a single ovarian cycle in the shortest possible time...

BACKGROUND: Most studies evaluating the possible seasonal variation of semen quality have considered temperature as the only causal factor. AIMS: To assess possible seasonality in sperm quality and associations between semen parameters and several meteorological variables (temperature, humidity, apparent temperature and atmospheric pressure) in a large cohort of andrological patients. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional and correlational/descriptive study...

BACKGROUND: In 2001, Skakkebæk et al . proposed that certain male reproductive disorders might be grouped into a syndrome called testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), as they all appear to be associated with disruption of the embryonic and foetal programming of gonadal development. TDS may be manifested in early life by the presence of genital malformations (hypospadias and cryptorchidism) and in adult life as disorders represented by low sperm counts and testicular cancer. Changes in androgen hormones during the foetal development, in addition to resulting in TDS, can also cause permanent changes in anopenile anogenital distance (AGDap) and anoscrotal anogenital distance (AGDas)...

BACKGROUND: Natural killer T (NKT) cells are influential immune cells in pregnancy failures, including recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Different approaches are used for these disorders due to their effects on maternal immunomodulation. AIMS: In the present study, we compared the effects of two typical immunotherapies (lymphocyte immunotherapy [LIT] and low-dose prednisolone) on CD3+ CD56+ CD16+ and CD3+ CD56+ CD8+ cells as two distinct subsets of NKT cells in Women with RSA...

BACKGROUND: While elective single-embryo transfer (eSET) has been advocated in select countries, the global acceptance of the eSET policy has been undermined due to various issues. It is imperative to understand the couples' perspectives regarding the number of embryos transferred. AIMS: We planned a study to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology towards eSET in self-funded treatment cycles in a low-resource setting...

BACKGROUND: Recently POSEIDON (Patient-Oriented Strategies Encompassing Individualized Oocyte Number) classification was proposed to categorize patients with expected poor response to conventional stimulation. Searching for the ideal management of poor responders in IVF is still an active research area. AIMS: This study compares GnRH-antagonist and GnRH-agonist short protocols in ICSI cycles for the POSEIDON-4 group. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary infertility unit between January 2016 and December 2020...

BACKGROUND: Male factor accounts for up to half of all cases of infertility. Previously, research has focused on the psychological effects of infertility on female partners, but recent studies show negative consequences on male patients as well. Despite evidence that men are affected by infertility, there is limited studies focusing on coping methods for them. AIMS: Determine if a cognitive-behavioral and relaxation mobile application, targeted at men experiencing infertility, could lead to decreases in psychological distress...