journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37768500/elevated-neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio-is-associated-with-high-rates-of-icu-mortality-length-of-stay-and-invasive-mechanical-ventilation-in-critically-ill-patients-with-covid-19-nrl-and-severe-covid-19
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heitor O Santos, Felipe M Delpino, Octavio M Veloso, Juliana M R Freire, Erlaine S N Gomes, Cristina G M Pereira
Neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has emerged as a complementary marker in intensive care. This study aimed to associate high NLR values with mortality as the primary outcome, and length of stay and need for invasive mechanical ventilation as secondary outcomes, in critically ill patients with COVID-19. A cross-sectional study encompassing 189 critically ill patients with COVID-19 was performed. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to identify the best NLR cutoff value for ICU mortality (≥ 10...
September 28, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37755574/mir-7-deficiency-promotes-th1-polarization-of-cd4-t-cells-and-enhances-the-antitumor-effect-in-adoptive-cell-therapy-for-lung-cancer
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xian Chang, Juanjuan Zhao, Ya Zhou, Mengmeng Guo, Yaping Yan, Ya Wang, Xu Zhao, Jing Yang, Chao Chen, Lin Tang, Ming Qin, Lin Xu
Adoptive-cell-therapy (ACT) is important therapeutic approach against cancer. We previously showed that miR-7 deficiency endowed CD4+ T cells with hyperactivation status in liver injury. However, whether CD4+ T cells with miR-7 deficiency could elicit antitumor effect in ACT is still unclear. Naïve CD4+ CD62Lhi T cells were purified from CD45.2 WT or CD45.2 miR-7def mice and transferred into syngeneic CD45.1WT mice bearing with lung tumor cells. The infiltration and function of T cells were measured by FCM and immunofluorescence assay...
September 27, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37733169/diverse-functions-of-myeloid-derived-suppressor-cells-in-autoimmune-diseases
#3
REVIEW
Xin Xiong, Yang Zhang, Yu Wen
Since myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were found suppressing immune responses in cancer and other pathological conditions, subsequent researchers have pinned their hopes on the suppressive function against immune damage in autoimmune diseases. However, recent studies have found key distinctions of MDSC immune effects in cancer and autoimmunity. These include not only suppression and immune tolerance, but MDSCs also possess pro-inflammatory effects and exacerbate immune disorders during autoimmunity, while promoting T cell proliferation, inducing Th17 cell differentiation, releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and causing direct tissue damage...
September 21, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37725324/total-serum-iga-levels-and-hla-dqb1-02-01-allelic-status
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diyora Abdukhakimova, Malika Ibrayeva, Kuanysh Dossybayeva, Aida Turganbekova, Zhuldyz Zhanzakova, Saniya Abdrakhmanova, Pauline McLoone, Dimitri Poddighe
Immunoglobulin A Deficiency (IgAD) is the most common primary immunodeficiency and is significantly associated with Celiac Disease (CD), which recognizes a specific background of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) predisposition (including HLA-DQB1*02:01 allele). A number of studies investigated the role of HLA in IgAD etiopathogenesis: HLA-DQB1*02 alleles are included in the main haplotypes linked to this primary immunodeficiency. In this preliminary study, we investigated the potential impact of HLA-DQB1*02:01 allelic status on total serum IgA levels: 108 serum samples from the bone marrow donors' registry were analyzed for total IgA concentration with respect to the HLA-DQB1*02:01 status...
September 19, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37682455/nanotechnology-based-theranostic-and-prophylactic-approaches-against-sars-cov-2
#5
REVIEW
Atika Dhar, Sneh Lata Gupta, Pratima Saini, Kirti Sinha, Ankita Khandelwal, Rohit Tyagi, Alka Singh, Priyanka Sharma, Rishi Kumar Jaiswal
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has been an unpredicted burden on global healthcare system by infecting over 700 million individuals, with approximately 6 million deaths worldwide. COVID-19 significantly impacted all sectors, but it very adversely affected the healthcare system. These effects were much more evident in the resource limited part of the world. Individuals with acute conditions were also severely impacted. Although classical COVID-19 diagnostics such as RT-PCR and rapid antibody testing have played a crucial role in reducing the spread of infection, these diagnostic techniques are associated with certain limitations...
September 8, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37676628/anca-detection-with-solid-phase-chemiluminescence-assay-diagnostic-and-severity-association-in-vasculitis
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mónica Renuncio-García, Vanesa Calvo-Río, Fabricio Benavides-Villanueva, Salma Al Fazazi, María Rodríguez-Vidriales, Clara Escagedo-Cagigas, Luis Martín-Penagos, Juan Irure-Ventura, Marcos López-Hoyos, Ricardo Blanco
ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) comprises a group of necrotizing vasculitis that mainly affects small- and medium-sized vessels. Serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), mainly anti-myeloperoxidase (anti-MPO) and anti-proteinase 3 (anti-PR3), levels may correlate to severity, prognosis, and recurrence of the disease. A retrospective analysis of 101 patients with MPO-positive and 54 PR3-positive vasculitis was performed, using laboratory established cut-off value, measured by chemiluminescence. Furthermore, data of renal disease and pulmonary involvement were collected at vasculitis diagnosis, as well as the progress, requiring dialysis, transplant, or mortality...
September 7, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37665559/mica-and-nlrp3-gene-polymorphisms-interact-synergistically-affecting-the-risk-of-ankylosing-spondylitis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Javier Fernández-Torres, Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas, Xiadani Ruiz-Dávila, Ambar López-Macay, Karina Martínez-Flores
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoinflammatory disease that affects the sacroiliac joints, causing stiffness and pain in the back. MICA is a ligand of the NKG2D receptor, and an increase in its expression affects the immune response in various diseases. NLRP3 is a multiprotein complex that promotes the release of IL-1β, but its role in AS has been minimally explored. The objective of this study was to analyze the association and interaction of polymorphic variants of the MICA and NLRP3 genes in patients with AS...
September 4, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642808/how-the-immune-response-to-the-structural-proteins-of-sars-cov-2-affects-the-retinal-vascular-endothelial-cells-an-immune-thrombotic-and-or-endotheliopathy-process-with-in-silico-modeling
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Işıl Kutlutürk, Ecem Önder Tokuç, Levent Karabaş, René Rückert, Mücahit Kaya, Ali Karagöz, Marion R Munk
Thrombotic events associated with SARS-CoV-2 at the vascular endothelium still remains unclear. The aim of the current study is to determine the relationship between cellular proteins on the (ocular) vascular endothelial surface and the immune thrombotic and/or endotheliopathy process elicited by SARS-CoV-2 using an in-silico modeling. The structural S (spike glycoprotein), N (nucleocapsid protein), M (membrane protein), and E (envelope protein) proteins, an accessory protein (ORF1ab) of SARS-CoV-2 and 158 cellular proteins associated with retinal vascular endothelial cell surface or structure were included in this study for comparison of three-dimensional (3D) structure and sequence...
August 29, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37632647/a-high-affinity-and-specificity-anti-her2-single-domain-antibody-vhh-that-targets-trastuzumab-s-epitope-with-versatile-biochemical-biological-and-medical-applications
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shahryar Khoshtinat Nikkhoi, Hediyeh Heydarzadeh, Venu Gopal Vandavasi, Ge Yang, Pedro Louro, Marianne Polunas, Hajar Owji, Arash Hatefi
In the past decade, various single-domain antibodies from llamas, also known as VHH or nanobody, have been discovered with applications in tumor imaging and cancer therapy. However, the potential application of anti-HER2 VHHs as a diagnostic tool suitable for ELISA, flow cytometry, cell imaging, bispecific antibody engineering, and immunohistochemistry has not been fully elucidated. To investigate this potential, HER2 antigen was expressed in HEK293 F cells, purified, and used to immunize llama. Using phage display, anti-HER2 VHHs with high affinity and specificity were isolated, sequenced, and constructed with a Histag and c-Myc tag...
August 26, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37620509/dominance-and-improved-survivability-of-human-%C3%AE-%C3%AE-t17-cell-subset-aggravates-the-immunopathogenesis-of-pemphigus-vulgaris
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dayasagar Das, Sudheer Arava, Sujay Khandpur, K V Santosh, Shamima Akhtar, Alpana Sharma
Human γδ T cells are highly enriched in epithelial cell-dominated compartments like skin. Nonetheless, their function in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV), an autoimmune skin disorder, is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the functional expression of human γδT cell subsets along with their homing chemokine receptor-ligand and inflammatory cytokines in the immunopathogenesis of PV. Estimation of the frequency of γδT cell subsets by flow cytometry revealed four major subsets of γδ T cells (γδT1, γδT2, γδT17, γδTreg) in both control and PV circulation...
August 24, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37608125/integrating-core-subtractive-proteomics-and-reverse-vaccinology-for-multi-epitope-vaccine-design-against-rickettsia-prowazekii-endemic-typhus
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ariba Khan, Muhammad Hassan Khanzada, Kanwal Khan, Khurshid Jalal, Reaz Uddin
Rickettsia prowazekii is an intracellular, obligate, gram-negative coccobacillus responsible for epidemic typhus. Usually, the infected body louse or its excrement when rubbed into the skin abrasions transmits the disease. The infection with R. prowazekii causes the highest death rate (> 20% without antibiotic treatment and now 1-7%), followed by epidemic typhus, which often manifests in unsanitary conditions (up to 15-30%). Conventionally, vaccine design has required pathogen growth and both assays (in vivo and in vitro), which are costly and time-consuming...
August 22, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37583002/mediastinal-lymph-node-removal-modulates-natural-killer-cell-exhaustion-in-patients-with-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Duygu Ilke Cikman, Fehim Esen, Ayse Engin, Akif Turna, Melek Agkoc, Abdullah Yilmaz, Omer Faruk Saglam, Gunnur Deniz, Esin Cetin Aktas
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death globally. In this study, the effect of complete removal of mediastinal lymph nodes by video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy (VAMLA) on natural killer (NK) cell phenotype and functions in patients with NSCLC was evaluated. The study included 21 NSCLC patients (cIA-IVA) undergoing VAMLA staging and 33 healthy controls. Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood of all participants and mediastinal lymph nodes of the patients...
August 16, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37548830/autoimmune-lymphoproliferative-syndrome-alps-due-to-a-novel-dominant-negative-germline-mutation-in-the-fas-gene
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beatriz Rodríguez-Bayona, José Manuel Lucena-Soto, Borja Croché-Santander, Peter Olbrich, María Francisca González-Escribano, Olaf Neth
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
August 7, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37491623/transcriptional-upregulation-of-galectin-3-in-multiple-sclerosis
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katia Mangano, Maria Cristina Petralia, Rita Bella, Manuela Pennisi, José Francisco Muñoz-Valle, Jorge Hernández-Bello, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Paolo Fagone
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting approximately 2.5 million people worldwide. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of MS are still only partially elucidated. Galectins are a family of β-galactoside-binding lectins that are involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses and have been shown to exert a role in the maintenance of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. There has been an increasing interest in the role of galectin-3 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration...
July 25, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37436673/significance-of-anti-covid-iga-antibody-response-in-covid-19-breakthrough-infection-in-vaccinated-patients-a-single-centered-study-from-pakistan
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabiha Anis, Mariam Ashfaq Khan, Areej Fatima, Fatima Kanani, Javeria Aijaz, Aneela Hussain, Samreen Sarfaraz
An increasing number of breakthrough-COVID-19-vaccinated individuals are being reported across the world. Humoral immunity has a crucial role in combating infection. In this study, we aimed to assess the importance of anti-COVID-S1-IgA and anti-COVID-NP-IgA in confirmed COVID-19 after vaccination (breakthrough infection group). Blood samples were collected from the breakthrough infection group within one week of breakthrough infections (n = 34). A second sample was also collected after 4 to 8 weeks (n = 27)...
July 12, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37423939/pan-genome-and-reverse-vaccinology-approaches-to-design-multi-epitope-vaccine-against-epstein-barr-virus-associated-with-colorectal-cancer
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P Priyamvada, Sudha Ramaiah
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a global lymphotropic virus and has been associated with various malignancies, among which colorectal cancer (CRC) is the prevalent one causing mortality worldwide. In the recent past, numerous research efforts have been made to develop a potential vaccine against this virus; however, none is effective possibly due to their low throughput, laboriousness, and lack of sensitivity. In this study, we designed a multi-epitope subunit vaccine that targets latent membrane protein (LMP-2B) of EBV using pan-genome and reverse vaccinology approaches...
July 10, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37410306/translational-and-structural-vaccinomics-approach-to-design-a-multi-epitope-vaccine-against-nol4-autologous-antigen-of-small-cell-lung-cancer
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavithran G, Bhawna Rathi, Seneha Santoshi
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most common cancers and it is the sixth common cause for cancer-related deaths. The high plasticity and metastasis have been a major challenge for humanity to treat the disease. Hence, a vaccine for SCLC has become an urgent need of the hour due to public health concern. Implementation of immunoinformatics technique is one of the best way to find a suitable vaccine candidate. Immunoinformatics tools can be used to overcome the limitations and difficulties of traditional vaccinological techniques...
July 6, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37405561/the-expression-of-cd86-in-cd3-cd56-nkt-cells-is-associated-with-the-occurrence-and-prognosis-of-sepsis-associated-encephalopathy-in-sepsis-patients-a-prospective-observational-cohort-study
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheng-Long Chen, Xiao-Yu Liu, Jun-Hong Huang, Lu-Hua Xian, Xu-Sheng Li, Kang-Rong Wang, Jing Li, Tian-Cao Zhang, Guo-Ge Huang, Xin-Qiang Liu, Hong-Ke Zeng, Mao-Hua Zhou, Wen-Qiang Jiang
The role of CD3+ CD56+ natural killer T (NKT) cells and its co-signaling molecules in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is unknown. In this prospective observational cohort study, we initially recruited 260 septic patients and eventually analyzed 90 patients, of whom 57 were in the SAE group and 37 were in the non-SAE group. Compared to the non-SAE group, 28-day mortality was significantly increased in the SAE group (33.3% vs. 12.1%, p = 0.026), while the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD86 in CD3+ CD56+ NKT cells was significantly lower (2065...
July 5, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37395901/chronic-inflammatory-demyelinating-polyneuropathy-after-sars-cov2-vaccination-update-of-the-literature-and-patient-characterization
#19
REVIEW
Federica Ginanneschi, Claudia Vinciguerra, Nila Volpi, Giuseppe Piscosquito, Paolo Barone, Alessandro Rossi
Since the beginning of worldwide vaccination against COVID-19 disease, some reports have revealed a possible relationship between SARS CoV2 vaccination and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). We reviewed the available evidences regarding this topic, adding three new cases to those reported so far, with the purpose to outline the characteristics of these post-vaccinal CIDP. Seventeen subjects were studied. A total of 70.6% of CIDP cases were related to viral vector vaccines, most occurring after the administration of the first dose...
July 3, 2023: Immunologic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37341899/integrated-analyses-delineate-distinctive-immunological-pathways-and-diagnostic-signatures-for-behcet-s-disease-by-leveraging-gene-microarray-data
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haoting Zhan, Linlin Cheng, Haolong Li, Yongmei Liu, Yuan Huang, Xiaomeng Li, Songxin Yan, Yongzhe Li
Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis and clinically heterogeneous disorder caused by immunocyte aberrations. Comprehensive research on gene expression patterns in BD illuminating its aetiology is lacking. E-MTAB-2713 downloaded from ArrayExpress was analysed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using limma. Random forest (RF) and neural network (NN) classification models composed of gene signatures were established using the E-MTAB-2713 training set and subsequently verified using GSE17114...
June 21, 2023: Immunologic Research
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