Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: In spite of the evidence that inadequately controlled glycemia is associated with worse clinical outcomes, CFRD is not well controlled in a majority of patients. The objective of this report is to demonstrate the effect of the addition of semaglutide, a GLP-1RA, to basal insulin to control glycemia in one such patient. DESIGN, INTERVENTION AND THE MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The replacement of rapidly acting prandial insulin with semaglutide weekly with continuation of basal insulin...

CONTEXT: The management of youth with delayed puberty is hampered by difficulty in predicting who will eventually progress through puberty and who will fail to attain adult reproductive endocrine function. The neuropeptide kisspeptin, which stimulates GnRH release, can be used to probe the integrity of the reproductive endocrine axis. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether responses to kisspeptin can predict outcomes for individuals with pubertal delay. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study in an academic medical center of 16 children (3 girls and 13 boys) with delayed or stalled puberty...

BACKGROUND: Cytosine intermediers 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) as epigenetic hallmarks have never been investigated in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET). OBJECTIVE: To examine methylation-demethylation status of global DNA in PitNET tissues and to assess its correlation with clinical and biological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Alltogether, 57 PitNET and 25 corresponding plasma samples were collected...

CONTEXT: It is unclear how white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammatory signaling proteins respond during the early stages of overnutrition. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of short-term, high-fat overfeeding on fasting abdominal subcutaneous WAT total content and phosphorylation of proteins involved in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory signaling, systemic metabolic measures and inflammatory biomarkers. DESIGN: Individuals consumed a high-fat (65% total energy total fat), high-energy (50% above estimated energy requirements) diet for 7 days...

CONTEXT: Glucagon increases energy expenditure; consequently, glucagon receptor agonists are in development for the treatment of obesity. Obesity negatively impacts the reproductive axis, and hypogonadism itself can exacerbate weight gain. Therefore, knowledge of the effects of glucagon receptor agonism on reproductive hormones is important for developing therapeutics for obesity; but reports in the literature about the effects of glucagon receptor agonism on the reproductive axis are conflicting...

CONTEXT: Autonomic nervous system activation mediates the increase in whole-body glucose uptake in response to electroacupuncture but the mechanisms are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying electroacupuncture-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle in insulin-resistant overweight/obese women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN/: Participants: In a case-control study, skeletal muscle biopsies were collected from 15 women with PCOS and 14 controls before and after electroacupuncture...

CONTEXT: Germline loss-of-function CDKN1B gene variants cause the autosomal dominant syndrome of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 (MEN4). Even though pituitary neuroendocrine tumors are a well-known component of the syndrome, only two cases of Cushing's disease (CD) have so far been described in this setting. AIM: To screen a large cohort of CD patients for CDKN1B gene defects and to determine their functional effects. PATIENTS: We screened 211 CD patients (94...

CONTEXT: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is associated with several hypothalamic-pituitary hormone deficiencies. There is no agreement on the prevalence of central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) in adults with PWS. In some countries, it is general practice to prescribe stress-dose hydrocortisone during physical or psychological stress in patients with PWS. Side effects of frequent hydrocortisone use are weight gain, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus and hypertension, already major problems in adults with PWS...

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CONTEXT: Impaired glucose homeostasis is a common finding in pheochromocytoma (PHEO), especially with adrenergic phenotype. The possible contribution of incretin dysfunction to dysglycemia in PHEO patients has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in pancreatic endocrine function and gut hormones' production during a liquid meal test before and one year after adrenalectomy. METHODS: In a prospective study, we included 18 patients with PHEO (13 females) with adrenergic biochemical phenotype...

CONTEXT: Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency are not only linked to hematological, neurological and cardiovascular diseases, but also associate with insulin resistance. Metformin can decrease vitamin B12 and folate concentrations. OBJECTIVE: To examine (i) effects of short-term metformin treatment on serum holotranscobalamin (holoTC) and folate and (ii) their association with insulin sensitivity in recent-onset type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: This cross-sectional analysis comprised patients (known disease duration <12 months) on metformin monotherapy (MET, n=123, 81 males, 53±12 years) or non-pharmacological treatment (NPT, n=126, 77 males, 54±11 years) of the German Diabetes Study...

CONTEXT: GLP-1 receptor agonists are an established therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes; however, their role in type 1 diabetes remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE: Determine efficacy and safety of once-weekly albiglutide 30mg (up-titration to 50mg at week 6) versus placebo together with insulin in patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes and residual insulin production. DESIGN: 52-week, randomized, phase 2 study (NCT02284009). METHODS: A prespecified Bayesian approach, incorporating placebo data from a prior study, allowed for 3:1 (albiglutide:placebo) randomization...

BACKGROUND: The use of thyroglobuin (Tg) and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) for detecting disease recurrence is well validated following total-thyroidectomy and radioiodine. However, limited data is available for patients treated with thyroid lobectomy. METHODS: Patients who had lobectomy for papillary thyroid cancer followed for >1 year, with sufficient data on Tg and TgAb, including subgroup analysis for Hashimoto's thyroiditis and contralateral nodules. RESULTS: One-hundred sixty seven patients met the inclusion criteria...

CONTEXT: A common genetic variant near PPP1R3B (rs4841132G>A) has been associated with increased hepatic computed tomography (CT) attenuation, and with plasma levels of glucose and liver enzymes. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the association of rs4841132 with hepatic CT attenuation, and to test if synergistic effects modify the association of the variant with plasma glucose and liver enzymes. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The Copenhagen City Heart Study and the Copenhagen General Population Study combined, totaling 107,192 individuals from the Danish general population...

BACKGROUND: The peptide hormone Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is a marker for Leydig cell function and the clinical use of serum INSL3 measurements has been suggested by several groups. AIM: i) To establish a reference range for LC-MS/MS of serum INSL3 in healthy boys and men and ii) to compare the associations of serum INSL3 and testosterone (T) to pubertal stage, life style factors, diurnal variation, body composition and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulation...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

CONTEXT: Imbalances in maternal one-carbon nutrients (vitamin B12, folate) have been shown to be associated with higher offspring cardiometabolic risk markers in India. OBJECTIVE: We examined the hypothesis that low plasma vitamin B12 (B12), and high folate and homocysteine concentrations in the mother are associated with higher hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (cortisol) and cardiovascular responses during the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C) in an Indian birth cohort...

BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has become a main cause of the extremely high incidence of thyroid carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the longer-term effectiveness of ultrasound (US)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) for treatment of low-risk PTMC with a large population. METHODS: This prospective study was approved by ethics committee of our institution. MWA was performed under US-guidance for 119 unifocal PTMC patients without clinically cervical or distant metastasis...