Assessment of the impact of Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant on the adjacent marine ecosystem.

Based on the monitoring data of 137 Cs and 90 Sr in Tian Bay in 2005-2023, the impacts of the operation of Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant on the marine ecosystem were assessed. The 137 Cs and 90 Sr activity concentrations in the seawater and sediment varied within the background ranges. The radiation dose rates derived from 137 Cs and 90 Sr for the marine organisms ranged from 2.4 × 10-5 to 2.2 × 10-4 nGy/h, it was far below the most conservative screening dose rate (10 μGy/h). The committed effective dose for humans was 0.070-0.094 μSv, 1/1500th of the world's mean annual effective dose (0.12 mSv) from ingesting food containing uranium and thorium series nuclides. Radiation risk assessment showed no radiation risk for the long-term discharge of nuclear wastes in the future. Overall, the long-term normal operation of TNPPs has almost no radiation impact on the adjacent marine ecosystem.