Minimally invasive approach for skull base meningiomas.

INTRODUCTION: Skull base meningiomas constitute a complex group of skull base tumors. The endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) and endoscopic Keyhole have a minimally invasive philosophy with high effectiveness, safety, and a significant decrease in postoperative morbidity in these tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of the use of minimally invasive approaches to skull base meningiomas.

METHOD: A descriptive, retrospective study was carried out in 140 patients at the "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital who underwent surgery for cranial base meningiomas using minimally invasive approaches to the cranial base. The degree of tumor resection, tumor recurrence, reinterventions, and complications were evaluated.

RESULTS: ESA were used in 72.8% of the study, while endoscopic Keyholes were used in 26.4% and combined approaches in 0.7%. In relation to total tumor resection, 91.9% was generally achieved. Overall tumor recurrence and reinterventions were less than 8.5% and 4%, respectively. Complications in ESA were: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula (2.1%), diabetes insipidus, hydrocephalus, cerebral infarction, surgical site hematoma, worsening of cranial nerves I-IV (1.4%) respectively. While in the Keyhole type approaches: seizures (2.9%), hydrocephalus (1.4%), CSF fistula (1.4%), worsening of Nerves IX-XII (0.7%).

CONCLUSIONS: The following study reaffirms that minimally invasive approaches for skull base meningiomas constitute advanced surgical techniques for these tumors, associated with a low rate of postoperative complications.