Cancer nurses' perspective of error disclosure from nurses to patients: A qualitative descriptive study.

PURPOSE: This study aims at exploring Cancer Nurses' Perspective of Error Disclosure.

METHODS: This qualitative descriptive study was conducted in 2022, Iran. Data collection methods included observation (121 h), and semi-structured interviews (12 interviews with nurses, and nursing managers). Data analysis was performed using Graneheim and Lundman's approach. This study obtained ethical approval from Ethics Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The COREQ checklist was used for study report.

RESULTS: Data analysis resulted in three categories and nine subcategories: Error disclosure as a professional necessity (error disclosure as one of the patient's rights and error disclosure for self-and peer-learning), Error disclosure barriers (cancer-related factors, individual deterrents, nurses' intragroup culture, and organizational deterrents) and Error disclosure facilitators (culture of transparency, managerial support for error disclosure and development of error disclosure protocol).

CONCLUSION: Creating a culture of error disclosure requires removing barriers, and providing facilitators. By reevaluating their professional performance and responsibilities, nurses may help foster a culture of error disclosure, and managers can do the same by encouraging employees and creating a clinical error disclosure manual. The promotion of an error disclosure to the patient culture may be greatly aided by managers. They facilitate this role by providing practical guidance (based on Iranian culture, needs and conditions of cancer patients and their families) to address nurses' concerns about managers' and the organization's negative responses.