Diagnosis and conservative management of sural neuropathy: a case report.

Nerve entrapments in the lower extremity are rare and can be difficult to diagnose. Here we describe a Canadian Armed Forces veteran with left posterior-lateral calf pain. The patient's condition was previously misdiagnosed as a left-sided mid-substance Achilles tendinosis, which subsequently led to mismanagement, persistent pain and severe functional limitations. After performing a thorough evaluation, we diagnosed the patient with chronic left-sided sural neuropathy secondary to entrapment within the gastrocnemius fascia. The patient's physical symptoms abated completely with chiropractic care, while overall disability improved substantially after taking part in an interdisciplinary pain program. The objectives of this case report are to describe a challenging differential diagnosis of sural neuropathy, and present conservative whole-person management options according to the patient's needs and goals.