Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often overlooked by clinicians; however, undiagnosed OSA can lead to negative outcomes for patients, including patients with underlying neurologic conditions. Clinicians should be aware of what questions to ask, what diagnostic tests to use, and what treatments to consider in patients with OSA.

RECENT FINDINGS: OSA influences many neurologic conditions, including stroke, epilepsy, headache, and neuromuscular conditions. Treatment of OSA is effective, especially with patient-tailored options, the correct education, and support.

SUMMARY: OSA is a serious medical condition with impacts on patients' health, safety, and quality of life. Clinicians should identify patients at high risk for OSA and arrange for appropriate diagnosis and treatment, which, in turn, may lead to the improvement of or reduction in risk for neurologic and other health conditions.