Systematics, Phylogeny, and Evolution of Braconid Wasps: 30 Years of Progress.

The parasitoid wasp family Braconidae is likely the second-most speciesrich family in the animal kingdom. Braconid wasps are widely distributed and often encountered. They constitute one of the principal groups of natural enemies of phytophagous insects, of which many are serious pest species. The enormous biological diversification of braconid wasps has led to many homoplasies, which contributed widely to instabilities in historical classifications. Recent studies using combinations of genetic markers or total mitochondrial genomes allow for better founded groupings and will ultimately lead to a stable classification. We present the current status of the phylogenetics of the Braconidae in a historical perspective and our understanding of the effects on higher classification. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Entomology Volume 64 is January 7, 2019. Please see https://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.