Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm: a rare complication of sinonasal surgery.

OBJECTIVE: We report 2 patients with iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms, which developed following sinus surgery.

METHOD: Case reports and a review of literature of the management of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm.

RESULTS: For one patient who presented with massive epistaxis, the only lifesaving option available was to perform an urgent angiogram followed by selective embolization of the feeding vessel. In the second patient who presented with persistent nasal obstruction and discharge and no epistaxis, a traumatic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery was demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging scan that was later confirmed by angiography; he, however, declined further treatment.

CONCLUSION: Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms that develop following a vascular injury, though rare, can cause life-threatening epistaxis or a thromboembolism. In this report, we describe 2 different manifestations of iatrogenic vascular malformations following sinus surgery. The role of angiography and subsequent endovascular therapy in the management of these lesions is emphasized.