spinal cord injury AND children

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients. However, the epidemiology of pediatric brain and spine injuries in Bulgaria is poorly documented. This study aims to analyze and identify the prevalence, causes, and trends of traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries in pediatric patients during the period of 1st June 2022 to 30th June 2023. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the medical records of patients under 18 years of age who visited the emergency department of University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment (UMHAT) Burgas, Bulgaria between 1st June 2022 and 30th June 2023...

Children often experience mental health difficulties after a concussion. Yet, the extent to which a concussion precipitates or exacerbates mental health difficulties remains unclear. This study aimed to examine psychological predictors of mental health difficulties after pediatric concussion. Children (aged 5 to <18 years, M=11.7, SD=3.3) with concussion were recruited in a single-site longitudinal prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary children's hospital (n=115, 73.9% male). The primary outcomes included internalizing (anxious, depressed, withdrawn behaviors), externalizing (risk-taking, aggression, attention difficulties), and total mental health problems, as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist at two weeks (acute) and three months (post-acute) after concussion...

Brain tumor glioblastoma is a disease that is caused for a child who has abnormal cells in the brain, which is found using MRI "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" brain image using a powerful magnetic field, radio waves, and a computer to produce detailed images of the body's internal structures it is a standard diagnostic tool for a wide range of medical conditions, from detecting brain and spinal cord injuries to identifying tumors and also in evaluating joint problems. This is treatable, and by enabling the factor for happening, the factor for dissolving the dead tissues...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in children. We have previously shown that TBI with a concurrent extra-cranial injury reliably leads to post-injury suppression of the innate and adaptive immune systems. In patients with post-injury immune suppression, if immune function could be preserved, this might represent a therapeutic opportunity. As such, we examined, in an animal injury model, whether systemic administration of GM-CSF could reverse post-injury immune suppression and whether treatment was associated with neuroinflammation or functional deficit...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is used to reduce the risk of spinal cord injury during pediatric spinal deformity surgery. Significant reduction and/or loss of IONM signals without immediate recovery may lead the surgeon to acutely abort the case. The timing of when monitorable signals return remains largely unknown. PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to investigate the correlation between IONM signal loss, clinical examination, and subsequent normalization of IONM signals after aborted pediatric spinal deformity surgery to help determine when it is safe to return to the operating room...

Of the four million children who experience a concussion each year, 30-50% of children will experience delayed recovery, where they will continue to experience symptoms more than two weeks after their injury. Delayed recovery from concussion encompasses emotional, behavioral, physical, and cognitive symptoms, and as such, there is an increased focus on developing an objective tool to determine risk of delayed recovery. This study aimed to identify a blood protein signature predictive of delayed recovery from concussion in children...

BACKGROUND: Motor Imagery (MI) is a cognitive process consisting in mental simulation of body movements without executing physical actions: its clinical use has been investigated prevalently in adults with neurological disorders. OBJECTIVES: Review of the best-available evidence on the use and efficacy of MI interventions for neurorehabilitation purposes in common and rare childhood neurological disorders. METHODS: systematic literature search conducted according to PRISMA by using the Scopus, PsycArticles, Cinahl, PUBMED, Web of Science (Clarivate), EMBASE, PsychINFO, and COCHRANE databases, with levels of evidence scored by OCEBM and PEDro Scales...

PURPOSE: This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of Chinese children with spinal cord injury (SCI) without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) and explore their contributing factors and mechanisms of occurrence. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of pediatric patients diagnosed with SCIWORA from January 2005 to May 2020. Epidemiological, etiological, mechanistic, therapeutic, and outcome aspects were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 47 patients with SCIWORA were included in this study, comprising 16 males and 31 females...

AIMS: This research aims to construct and verify an accurate nomogram for forecasting the 3-, 5-, and 7-year outcomes in pediatric patients afflicted with spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: Pediatric patients with SCI from multiple hospitals in China, diagnosed between Jan 2005 and Jan 2020, were incorporated into this research. Half of these patients were arbitrarily chosen for training sets, and the other half were designated for external validation sets. The Cox hazard model was employed to pinpoint potential prognosis determinants related to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) and Functional Independence Assessment (FIM) index...

Traumatic brain injuries are a large societal and individual burden. In the first year of life, the vast majority of these injuries are the result of inflicted abusive events by a trusted caregiver. Abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants, formerly known as shaken baby syndrome, is the leading cause of inflicted mortality and morbidity in this population. In this review we address clinical diagnosis, symptoms, prognosis, and neuropathology of AHT, emphasizing the burden of repetitive AHT. Next, we consider existing animal models of AHT, and evaluate key features of an ideal model, highlighting important developmental milestones in children most vulnerable to AHT...

Concussion is a common injury in the adolescent and young adult populations. While branched chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation has shown improvements in neurocognitive and sleep function in pre-clinical animal models of mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI), to date, no studies have been performed evaluating the efficacy of BCAAs in concussed adolescents and young adults. The goal of this pilot trial was to determine the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of varied doses of oral branched chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation in a group of concussed adolescents and young adults...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To explore if the pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation-volume guaranteed (PCV-VG) modes are superior to volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) in optimizing intraoperative respiratory mechanics in infants and young children in the prone position. DESIGN: A single-center prospective randomized study. SETTING: Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. PATIENTS: Pediatric patients aged 1 month to 3 years undergoing elective spinal cord detethering surgery...

BACKGROUND: Physical abuse is a major public health concern and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. Clinical decision tools derived from trauma registries can facilitate timely risk-stratification. The Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database does not report age for children <1 year who are at highest risk for abuse. We report a method to capture these infants despite the missing age. METHODS: Patients ≤17 years were identified from TQIP (2017-2019)...

BACKGROUND: Compared to adult scoliosis, correcting scoliosis in children often presents greater challenges. This is attributed to two key factors. Firstly, it involves accounting for the growth potential of children. Secondly, the thinner pedicles in children can complicate screw insertion, particularly when dealing with existing deformities. The utilization of intraoperative navigation technology offers a modest improvement in the precision of screw placement but does come with the drawback of increased radiation exposure...

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVES: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) pose a significant risk for pediatric patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), potentially leading to extended hospital stays and increased morbidity. This study aims to identify patients at higher risk for HAIs. SETTING: Hospitals from multiple areas in China. METHODS: This retrospective study included 220 pediatric SCI patients from Jan 2005 to Dec 2023, divided into a training set (n = 154) and a validation set (n = 66)...

PURPOSE: To explore the clinical characteristics of pediatric pelvic fracturs caused by traffic accidents and to analyze the accompanying injuries and complications. METHODS: A total of 222 cases involved traffic accidents was enrolled in this case-control study. The data of children with pelvic fractures caused by traffic accidents who were admitted to our hospital from January 2006 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Sex, age, Tile classification, abbreviated injury scale score, injury severity score, mortality, and accompanying injuries were studied...

BACKGROUND: Premature newborns have a higher risk of abnormal visual development and visual impairment. OBJECTIVE: To develop a computational methodology to help assess functional vision in premature infants by tracking iris distances. METHODS: This experimental study was carried out with children up to two years old. A pattern of image capture with the visual stimulus was proposed to evaluate visual functions of vertical and horizontal visual tracking, visual field, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and fixation...

PURPOSE: Activity-based locomotor training improves intrinsic trunk control in children with spinal cord injury (SCI). To reinforce these improvements, there is a need to develop community integration activities to allow a patient to apply the retrained nervous system at home. One activity that has been explored is rocking in a rocking chair. This paper describes the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a rocking chair for children with SCI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) design process was used...

Children of parents with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are more likely to develop psychiatric disorders. This association is usually attributed to TBI-induced changes in parents' personality and families' social environment. We tested the hypothesis that offspring of young adult male rats with TBI develop neurodevelopmental abnormalities in the absence of direct social contact with sires. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (F0 generation) in the TBI group underwent moderate TBI via a midline fluid percussion injury that involved craniectomy under sevoflurane (SEVO) anesthesia for 40 min on post-natal Day 60 (P60), while F0 rats in the control group were placed in a new cage, one per cage, for the equivalent time duration...

BACKGROUND: In children with cerebral palsy (CP), fine motor skills limit forearm supination and active extension of the elbow, wrist, or fingers. Therapeutic interventions focusing on improving the ranges at these joints while facilitating active movements are the key to augmenting fine motor skills. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study examines if children with CP (with UE involvement) exposed to the Novel Hand Rehabilitation (NHR) Board will demonstrate 1) changes in spasticity and passive ROM of forearm and wrist/finger muscles, and 2) improvement in fine motor abilities...