Temperature skin

Conventionally, women are perceived to feel colder than men, but controlled comparisons are sparse. We measured the response of healthy, lean, young women and men to a range of ambient temperatures typical of the daily environment (17 to 31 °C). The Scholander model of thermoregulation defines the lower critical temperature as threshold of the thermoneutral zone, below which additional heat production is required to defend core body temperature. This parameter can be used to characterize the thermoregulatory phenotypes of endotherms on a spectrum from "arctic" to "tropical...

BACKGROUND: Loxoscelism is a toxic clinical condition caused by the bite of spiders of the genus Loxosceles , with wide distribution throughout the world.1 Phospholipase D is responsible for dermonecrosis, inflammation, platelet aggregation, hemolysis, alteration of vascular permeability, cytotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, acute renal failure, among other symptoms involved with this protein. CASE REPORT: 27-year-old male patient, who began with a sudden episode of intense pain in the right hand, in the metacarpus and metacarpophalangeal joints...

A glomus tumor (GT) is a rare and usually benign tumor that originates from the glomus body, which is involved in thermoregulation in the skin. Solitary or multiple, digital or extra-digital, these cutaneous tumors can be benign or malignant. This report describes the diagnosis and surgical management of a solitary glomus tumor at the base of the right thumb in a young Sudanese woman. The diagnosis of glomus tumor was confirmed by medical history, sonographic findings and histopathological report. The lesion was excised via direct complete excision under local anesthesia, resulting in a complete resolution of symptoms...

Sensing of both temperature and strain is crucial for various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Here, we present a novel hydrogel-based electronic skin (e-skin) capable of dual-mode sensing of temperature and strain. The thermocouple ion selected for this study is the iodine/triiodide (I- /I3 - ) redox couple, which is a common component in everyday disinfectants. By leveraging the thermoelectric conversion in conjunction with the inherent piezoresistive effect of a gel electrolyte, self-powered sensing is achieved by utilizing the temperature difference between the human body and the external environment...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) refers to a metabolic condition where a lack of insulin impairs the usual homeostatic mechanisms to control blood glucose levels. Historically, participation in competitive sport has posed a challenge for those with T1DM, where the dynamic changes in blood glucose during exercise can result in dangerously high (hyperglycaemia) or low blood glucoses (hypoglycaemia) levels. Over the last decade, research and technological development has enhanced the methods of monitoring and managing blood glucose levels, thus reducing the chances of experiencing hyper- or hypoglycaemia during exercise...

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Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels are expected to be ideal skin tissue engineering dressings for a wide range of clinical treatments. Herein, we report the preparation of GelMA or antifreeze GelMA hydrogel sheets with different GelMA concentrations, crosslinking times, and cryoprotectant (CPA) concentrations. The crystallization properties of GelMA or antifreeze GelMA hydrogel sheets were studied by cryomicroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that the growth of ice crystals was slower when GelMA hydrogel concentration was more than 7%...

BACKGROUND: Due to the increase in global temperature, it is necessary to investigate solutions so that athletes competing in hot conditions can perform in optimal conditions avoiding loss of performance and health problems. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of pre-exercise glycerol supplementation during a rectangular test at ambient temperature mid (28.2ºC) on dehydration variables in international race walkers. METHODS: Eight international male race walkers (age: 28...

Background: Energy expenditure may be difficult to assess when hiking difficult trails. Case presentation: We measured physical activity exercise energy expenditure (PAEE) directly from oxygen uptake using a mobile device (cardiopulmonary exercise testing, CPET), and by using a formula based on heart rate (HR), or metabolic equivalent values from the Compendium of Physical Activity, and other physiological outcomes. Outcomes and implications: Total PAEE (1342 kcal) using CPET showed a two-fold difference between ascending and descending (887 vs...

Non-degradable plastics of petrochemical origin are a contemporary problem of society. Due to the large amount of plastic waste, there are problems with their disposal or storage, where the most common types of plastic waste are disposable tableware, bags, packaging, bottles, and containers, and not all of them can be recycled. Due to growing ecological awareness, interest in the topics of biodegradable materials suitable for disposable items has begun to reduce the consumption of non-degradable plastics. An example of such materials are biodegradable biopolymers and their derivatives, which can be used to create the so-called bioplastics and biopolymer blends...

Goose is one of the most economically valuable poultry species and has a distinct appearance due to its possession of a knob. A knob is a hallmark of sexual maturity in goose ( Anser cygnoides ) and plays crucial roles in artificial selection, health status, social signaling, and body temperature regulation. However, the genetic mechanisms influencing the growth and development of goose knobs remain completely unclear. In this study, histomorphological and transcriptomic analyses of goose knobs in D70, D120, and D300 Yangzhou geese revealed differential changes in tissue morphology during the growth and development of goose knobs and the key core genes that regulate goose knob traits...

This study investigates the thermal stress and bolt load distribution in a hybrid panel structure of an aircraft mechanical joint under extreme temperatures. The hybrid panel structure comprises two aluminum alloy splices, six T-shaped composite stringers, and two composite skins, secured together with 96 bolts. This study analyzed the strain induced by thermal stress on composite materials and metals within the structure across temperatures, employing temperature environment tests ranging from room temperature to -54 °C, alongside a carrying capacity test at -54 °C...

This study compared collagens from cold-water and warm-water fish for their structural, rheological, and functional properties, and explored their potential applications, aiming to realize the high-value utilization of marine biological resources. To this end, chum salmon skin collagen (CSSC) and Nile tilapia skin collagen (NTSC) were both successfully extracted. Collagens from the two species had different primary and secondary structures, with NTSC having a higher molecular weight, imino acid content, and α-helices and β-turns content...

The flow and heat transfer of a steady, viscous biomagnetic fluid containing magnetic particles caused by the swirling and stretching motion of a three-dimensional cylinder has been investigated numerically in this study. Because fluid and particle rotation are different, a magnetic field is applied in both radial and tangential directions to counteract the effects of rotational viscosity in the flow domain. Partial differential equations are used to represent the governing three-dimensional modeled equations...

This study introduces a method for producing printable, thermosensitive bioink formulated from agarose (AG) and carbon dioxide-saturated chitosan (CS) hydrogels. The research identified medium molecular weight chitosan as optimal for bioink production, with a preferred chitosan hydrogel content of 40-60 %. Rheological analysis reveals the bioink's pseudoplastic behavior and a sol-gel phase transition between 27.0 and 31.5 °C. The MMW chitosan-based bioink showed also the most stable extrusion characteristic...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders during pregnancy, leading to serious complications for pregnant women and a threat to life safety of infants. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish a multipurpose monitoring pathway to important physiological indicators of pregnant women. In this work, three kinds of double network hydrogels are prepared with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), borax, and cellulose ethers with varying substituents of methyl (methyl cellulose, MC), hydroxypropyl (hydroxypropyl cellulose, HPC), or both (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, HPMC), respectively...

Infectious skin diseases are quite common in veterinary medicine. These diseases can be caused by both bacteria and pathogenic fungi. Antimicrobial drugs are usually used for treatment. An alternative to these drugs could be ozonated oils with antibacterial and antifungal properties. Four different ozonated oils (linseed, hemp seed, sunflower, and olive) were tested in order to develop an optimal pharmaceutical form for the treatment of skin infections in animals. Chemical parameters such as acid and acidity value, iodine and peroxide value, viscosity, and infrared spectres were analysed...

This work reports on the design, development, and characterization of novel magneto-plasmonic elastic liposomes (MPELs) of DPPC:SP80 (85:15) containing Mg0.75 Ca0.25 Fe2 O4 nanoparticles coupled with gold nanorods, for topical application of photothermal therapy (PTT). Both magnetic and plasmonic components were characterized regarding their structural, morphological, magnetic and photothermal properties. The magnetic nanoparticles display a cubic shape and a size (major axis) of 37 ± 3 nm, while the longitudinal and transverse sizes of the nanorods are 46 ± 7 nm and 12 ± 1...

Techniques for extracting important bioactive molecules from seafood byproducts, viz., bones, heads, skin, frames, fins, shells, guts, and viscera, are receiving emphasis due to the need for better valorization. Employing green extraction technologies for efficient and quality production of these bioactive molecules is also strictly required. Hence, understanding the extraction process parameters to effectively design an applicable optimization strategy could enable these improvements. In this review, statistical optimization strategies applied for the extraction process parameters of obtaining bioactive molecules from seafood byproducts are focused upon...

Lumpfish ( Cyclopterus lumpus ) is an underutilized marine resource that is currently only being exploited for roe. Lumpfish skin was pre-treated with alkali (0.1M NaOH) and acid (0.1M HCl) at a skin to chemical ratio of 1:10 for 24 h at 5 °C to remove non-collagenous proteins and minerals. The pre-treated skin was washed, and gelatine was extracted with 0.1M of acetic acid at three different ratios (1:5, 1:10, and 1:15), time (12,18, and 24 h), and temperature combinations (12, 28, and 24 °C). The highest total extraction yield (>40%) was obtained with combinations of extraction ratios of 1:15 and 1:10 with a longer time (24 h) and higher temperature (18-24 °C)...