STEMI TYPES

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Novel markers of insulin resistance and progression of atherosclerosis include the triglycerides and glucose index (TyG index), the triglycerides and body mass index (Tyg-BMI) and the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR). Establishing independent risk factors for in-hospital death and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) remains critical...

Background: This study investigated the influence of ADRB1 gene rs1801253 polymorphism on the treatment response of ticagrelor and aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: Genetic typing was detected by Sanger sequencing. Platelet inhibition was assessed using thromboelastography. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were applied for prognosis analysis. Results: Out of 200 participants, 94 cases with rs1801253-CC genotype and 106 cases with CG+GG genotype were found. There was no significant difference between the rs1801253-CC and CG+GG groups in the number of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina patients...

BACKGROUND: Even if the management and treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) have significantly evolved, it is still a burgeoning disease, an active volcano with very high rates of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, novel management and therapeutic strategies for this condition are urgently needed. Lately, theories related to the role of various blood cells in NSTEMI have emerged, with most of this research having so far been focused on correlating the ratios between various leukocyte types (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio-NLR, neutrophil/monocyte ratio-NMR)...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The Glu504Lys polymorphism in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene is closely associated with myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI). The effects of ALDH2 on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (i.e. NETosis) during I/RI remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of ALDH2 in NETosis in the pathogenesis of myocardial I/RI. METHODS: The mouse model of myocardial I/RI was constructed on wild-type, ALDH2 knockout, peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (Pad4) knockout, and ALDH2/PAD4 double knockout mice...

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the serum biomarkers myeloperoxidase (MPO), paraoxonase (PON), and plasma asprosin in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis and assess their compatibility with routinely screened cardiac biomarkers. METHODS: This study was conducted using a prospective cross-sectional design and included 90 patients, consisting of 60 patients diagnosed with AMI (30 with ST-segment elevation and 30 with non-ST-segment elevation on ECG) and 30 controls (without a diagnosis of AMI)...

Endothelial dysfunction is the main factor that causes the onset of CAD. Leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium of the active blood artery wall has been demonstrated to be one of the early indicators of arteriosclerosis. This process is regulated by selectins. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the relationship between the polymorphisms in the E-selectin gene that have been linked to ischemic heart disease. We looked at the functional impact of the E-selectin gene polymorphism 7170G>C in Iraqi patients with IHD...

BACKGROUND: Patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) presenting with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have poor outcomes and the optimal treatment strategy for this population is unknown. METHODS: Using linked administrative databases, we examined patients with an ACS between 2008 and 2019, identifying patients with prior CABG. Patients were categorized by ACS presentation type and treatment strategy. Our primary outcome was the composite of death and recurrent myocardial infarction at one year...

INTRODUCTION: This study investigates how non-O blood groups relate to thrombus burden (TB) and prognosis in STEMI patients, aiming to shed light on their association with thrombotic complications in cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: Retrospectively, 1180 STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention were included. The study population was divided into groups according to TB status and the groups were compared in terms of basic clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters and ABO blood group types...

BACKGROUND: Women with acute coronary syndrome are more likely to have cardiovascular disease risk factors and atypical symptoms as compared to men. In Nepal, there is a rising trend of Coronary Artery Disease and myocardial infarction in women. However, research on acute myocardial infarction in women is lacking. The aim of this study was to study the cardiac risk factors, clinical features, angiographic features, and outcome of acute myocardial infarction in Nepalese women admitted to Hospital...

INTRODUCTION: Tissue Fibroblast Activation Protein alpha (FAP) is overexpressed in various types of acute and chronic cardiovascular disease. A soluble form of FAP has been detected in human plasma, and low circulating FAP concentrations are associated with increased risk of death in patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, little is known about the regulation and release of FAP from fibroblasts, and whether circulating FAP concentration is associated with tissue FAP expression...

BACKGROUND: Limited data exist regarding the prognostic implications of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods and Results: Of 13,104 patients in the nationwide Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institutes of Health, 3,083 patients with NSTEMI who underwent PCI were included in the present study. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 3 years, a composite of all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction, unplanned repeat revascularization, and admission for heart failure...

OBJECTIVES: To assess differences in the clinical management of nonST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), including in-hospital events, according to biological sex. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective observational multicenter study of patients diagnosed with NSTEMI and atherosclerosis who underwent coronary angiography. RESULTS: We enrolled 1020 patients in April and May 2022; 240 (23.5%) were women. Women were older than men on average (72...

A strategy of complete revascularization (CR) is recommended in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and multivessel disease (MVD). However, the optimal timing of CR remains equivocal. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing immediate CR (ICR) with staged CR (SCR) in patients with ACS and MVD. Our primary outcomes were all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. All outcomes were assessed at three time points: in-hospital or at 30 days, at 6 months-1 year, and at > 1 year...

BACKGROUND: Accurately predicting post-discharge mortality risk in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) remains a complex and critical challenge. The primary objective of this study was to develop and validate a robust risk prediction model to assess the 12-month and 24-month mortality risk in STEMI patients after hospital discharge. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 664 STEMI patients who underwent PPCI at Xiangtan Central Hospital Chest Pain Center between 2020 and 2022...

BACKGROUND: Genetic polymorphisms of platelet glycoprotein IIIa ( GPIIIa gene) have been investigated intensively in several thrombotic diseases, but their role in cardiovascular diseases remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between platelet glycoprotein IIIa PlA1/PlA2 polymorphism and susceptibility to myocardial infarction in non-diabetics. METHODS: A total of 200 participants were recruited for the study, 100 non-diabetic patients with myocardial infarction and 100 apparently healthy volunteers as a control group...

In the increasing number of medical education topics taught with virtual reality (VR), the prehospital management of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) had not been considered. This article proposes an implemented VR system for STEMI training and introduces it in an institutional course addressed to emergency nurses and case manager (CM) doctors. The system comprises three different applications to, respectively, allow (a) the course instructor to control the conditions of the virtual patient, (b) the CM to communicate with the nurse in the virtual field and receive from him/her the patient's parameters and electrocardiogram, and (c) the nurse to interact with the patient in the immersive VR scenario...

BACKGROUND: Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used for ovarian, lung, breast carcinoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma. Its common side effects include hypersensitivity reaction, bone marrow suppression, and peripheral neuropathy. However, a rare and life-threatening side effect is paclitaxel-induced myocardial infarction. CASE PRESENTATION: A 71-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heavy smoking history, previous coronary artery disease with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in left anterior descending artery (LAD), and non-small lung cancer presented with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction during infusion of paclitaxel infusion...

BACKGROUND: Coronary drug-eluting stents (DES) built with either durable (DP) or biodegradable (BP) polymeric coatings have been largely tested and are extensively available for routine use. However, their comparative performance remains an open question, particularly in more complex subsets of patients. AIMS: We evaluated the outcomes of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) using DP-DES versus BP-DES in a large multicenter real-world registry...

BACKGROUND: In patients with anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and new-onset antero-apical wall motion abnormalities (WMAs), whether the rate of prophylaxis against left ventricular thrombus and outcomes differ between men and women is unknown. METHODS: A multicentre retrospective cohort study of patients with STEMI and new-onset antero-apical WMAs treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention was conducted. Patients with an established indication of oral anticoagulation (OAC) were excluded...

BACKGROUND: Limited data are available on patients with chronic lung disease (CLD) presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to analyse baseline characteristics, treatment and outcome of those patients enrolled in the Swiss nationwide prospective AMIS Plus registry. METHODS: All AMI patients enrolled between January 2002 and December 2021 with data on CLD, as defined in the Charlson Comorbidity Index, were included. The primary endpoints were in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as all-cause death, reinfarction and cerebrovascular events...