javier

The multifunctional RNA-binding protein hnRNPL is implicated in antibody class switching but its broader function in B cells is unknown. Here, we show that hnRNPL is essential for B cell activation, germinal center formation, and antibody responses. Upon activation, hnRNPL-deficient B cells show proliferation defects and increased apoptosis. Comparative analysis of RNA-seq data from activated B cells and another eight hnRNPL-depleted cell types reveals common effects on MYC and E2F transcriptional programs required for proliferation...

Nontyphoidal Salmonella is one of the major causes of self-limiting diarrheal disease and the most common foodborne pathogen worldwide. It is an important contributor to the burden of foodborne illness in South America, including Peru, where chicken and pork are important vehicles for Salmonella infection. Salmonella infections are underreported, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where concerted action tackling Salmonella along the chicken and pork chains, from primary production to retail, is urgently needed...

BACKGROUND: The relationship of microbiota composition dynamics and the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in people with HIV (PWH) remains unknown. METHODS: 96-week, prospective, longitudinal study in virologically-suppressed PWH. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) measurements and stool samples were obtained at baseline, 48-week and 96-week visits. cIMT progression was defined as an increase >10% and/or detection of new carotid plaque. To profile the gut microbiome, amplification and sequencing of 16S ribosomal-RNA (V3-V4 variable regions) were carried out following the Illumina protocol...

TP53 gene disruption, including 17p13 deletion [del(17p)] and/or TP53 mutations, is a negative prognostic biomarker in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) associated with disease progression, treatment failure and shorter survival. Germline variants in p53 signaling pathway genes could also lead to p53 dysfunction, but their involvement in CLL has not been thoroughly evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the association of TP53, MDM2 and NQO1 gene variability with clinical and genetic data of CLL patients...

BACKGROUND: Despite consensus supporting enhanced recovery programs, their full implementation in such a context is difficult due to conventional practices within various groups of professionals. The goal of the EUropean PErioperative MEdical Networking (EUPEMEN) project was to bring together the expertise and experience of national clinical professionals who have previously helped deliver major change programs in their countries and to use them to spread enhanced recovery after surgery protocols (ERAS) in Europe...

Tightly confined optical near fields in plasmonic nanostructures play a pivotal role in important applications ranging from optical sensing to light harvesting. Energetic electrons are ideally suited to probing optical near fields by collecting the resulting cathodoluminescence (CL) light emission. Intriguingly, the CL intensity is determined by the near-field profile along the electron propagation direction, but the retrieval of such field from measurements has remained elusive. Furthermore, the conditions for optimum electron near-field coupling in plasmonic systems are critically dependent on such field and remain experimentally unexplored...

BACKGROUND: Diffuse coronary artery disease (CAD) impacts the safety and efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Pathophysiological CAD patterns can be quantified using fractional flow reserve (FFR) pullbacks incorporating the pullback pressure gradient (PPG) calculation. This study aimed to establish the capacity of PPG to predict optimal revascularisation and procedural outcomes. METHODS: This prospective, investigator-initiated, single-arm, multicentre study enrolled patients with at least one epicardial lesion with an FFR ≤ 0...

This study evaluates the potential of several biomasses differing in nature and composition for their valorization by pyrolysis and in-line oxidative steam reforming. The first task involved the fast pyrolysis of the biomasses in a conical spouted bed reactor at 500ºC, in which product yields were analyzed in detail. Then, the oxidative steam reforming of pyrolysis volatiles (gases and bio-oil) was approached in a fluidized bed reactor. The reforming experiments were performed at 600 ºC, with an steam/biomass (S/B) ratio of 3 and catalyst (Ni/Al2O3) space times of 7...

BACKGROUND: The management of the central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the pediatric population is crucial in neurosurgical practice. The World Health Organization (WHO) has evolved its classification of CNS tumors from the 19th century to the 5th edition, published in 2021, incorporating molecular advancements. This transition from morphology to molecular characterization is ongoing. METHODS: This manuscript analyzes the modifications introduced in the 5th edition of WHO's CNS tumor classification, particularly focusing on pediatric tumor families...

BACKGROUND: Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) is a benign lesion in the sellar and suprasellar compartments. Similarly, pituitary adenomas can present with cystic morphology, making it a differential diagnosis when evaluating a patient with a cystic lesion in the sellar region. Surgical goals differ between RCCs and pituitary adenomas as the first can achieve remission of symptoms with cyst decompression in contrast to pituitary adenomas where complete resection would be the main goal. Imaging analysis alone may not be sufficient to define a preoperative surgical plan...

PURPOSE: High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is subject to exportin 1 (XPO1)-dependent nuclear export, and it is involved in functions implicated in resistance to immunotherapy. We investigated whether HMGB1 mRNA expression was associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: RNA was isolated from pretreatment biopsies of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICI. Gene expression analysis of several genes, including HMGB1, was conducted using the NanoString Counter analysis system (PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel)...

We present a first-principles theoretical study of the atomistic footprints in the valence electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) of nanometer-size metallic particles. Charge density maps of excited plasmons and EEL spectra for specific electron paths through a nanoparticle (Na380 atom cluster) are modeled using ab initio calculations within time-dependent density functional theory. Our findings unveil the atomic-scale sensitivity of EELS within this low-energy spectral range. Whereas localized surface plasmons (LSPs) are particularly sensitive to the atomistic structure of the surface probed by the electron beam, confined bulk plasmons (CBPs) reveal quantum size effects within the nanoparticle's volume...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Confining materials to two-dimensional forms changes the behaviour of the electrons and enables the creation of new devices. However, most materials are challenging to produce as uniform, thin crystals. Here we present a synthesis approach where thin crystals are grown in a nanoscale mould defined by atomically flat van der Waals (vdW) materials. By heating and compressing bismuth in a vdW mould made of hexagonal boron nitride, we grow ultraflat bismuth crystals less than 10 nm thick. Due to quantum confinement, the bismuth bulk states are gapped, isolating intrinsic Rashba surface states for transport studies...

BACKGROUND: Perceived weight discrimination is associated with increased risk for chronic diseases and reduced life expectancy. Nevertheless, little is known about perceived weight discrimination in racial, ethnic, and sexual minority groups or in individuals at the intersections of those groups. The goal of this study was to identify sociodemographic predictors of perceived weight discrimination. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A diverse sample of adults (37% Black/African American, 36% Latino, 29% sexual minority) with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 18...

Abscission is the final stage of cytokinesis, which cleaves the intercellular bridge (ICB) connecting two daughter cells. Abscission requires tight control of the recruitment and polymerization of the Endosomal Protein Complex Required for Transport-III (ESCRT-III) components. We explore the role of post-translational modifications in regulating ESCRT dynamics. We discover that SMYD2 methylates the lysine 6 residue of human CHMP2B, a key ESCRT-III component, at the ICB, impacting the dynamic relocation of CHMP2B to sites of abscission...

Extending the access to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training to a wider public is an important step in increasing survivability of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, often price and maintenance of CPR manikins are barriers that prevent training at schools. This study aims to evaluate the learning of hands-only (HO) CPR by practicing with a low-cost manikin (LoCoMan) with visual qualitative feedback and to compare the results with the skills acquired by practice on a conventional manikin. A quasi-experimental study with 193 schoolchildren (10 to 12 years old) who were allocated to two groups: the LoCoMan group was taught via an integrative approach (science combined with physical education (PE)) and practiced on a handmade manikin, and a control group practiced in a traditional setting with a commercial manikin (Resusci Junior, Laerdal, Norway)...

BACKGROUND: Nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are challenging subsets of non-Hodgkin lymphomas characterized by their heterogeneity and aggressive clinical behavior. Given the mixed outcomes reported in previous studies, the efficacy of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-SCT) as a consolidation strategy following initial chemotherapy response remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the impact of upfront auto-SCT consolidation on overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) among patients with nodal PTCL who achieved a complete or partial response to initial chemotherapy...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.