Malignant giant cell tumor soft tissue

Bone tumors of the upper limb are a common cause of bone pain and pathological fractures in both old and young populations. Surgical reconstruction and limb salvage have become valid options for these patients despite this kind of surgery being challenging due to the need for wide bone resection and the involvement of surrounding soft tissues. Computer-assisted technology helps the surgeon in pre-operative planning and in designing customized implants. The aim of this study was to investigate the surgical outcomes and complications of custom-made prostheses in oncologic reconstruction of the upper limb and if they are reliable options for patients suffering from aggressive tumors...

Introduction Benign lipomatous tumors are soft tissue tumors that exhibit a predominant adipocytic phenotype. Lipomas are the archetype and are the most common benign soft tissue tumors in adults but relatively uncommon in children. Their sex incidence is equivocal. They sometimes occur in combination with other mesenchymal elements, giving rise to variants including fibrolipoma, angiolipoma, myolipoma, spindle cell lipoma, chondroid lipoma, osteolipoma, and chondrolipoma. Their clinical significance is mainly due to the cosmetic disfigurement of patients and the differential diagnosis of malignant soft tissue tumors...

Diffuse tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT), previously known as pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), is a benign, aggressive, and distracting proliferative synovial lesion. D-TGCT is commonly seen in large joints such as the knee and hip. We present the case of a 57-year-old female who initially presented with swelling on the left midfoot that increased over four years. Clinically, a ganglion was suspected on the left midfoot and an MRI showed a heterogeneous lobulated soft tissue mass on the superior aspect of the tarsal midfoot measuring 5...

BACKGROUND: Giant cell tumor of soft tissue is a low malignant uncommon neoplasm, with histologic features and immunophenotype similar to its bone counterpart. Primary giant cell tumor of soft tissue in the thyroid gland is considered an exceedingly rare entity. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a case of primary thyroid giant cell tumor of soft tissue in a 69-year-old Chinese female patient. Neck ultrasonography showed a 19 mm × 12 mm × 5 mm nodule with heterogeneous echo and clear boundary located within the left thyroid...

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a relatively rare mesenchymal fibroblastic tumor occurring most commonly in adults with no gender predilection. Although the pathological diagnosis of SFT is usually straightforward, some difficulties may occasionally arise mainly due to the wide morphological spectrum exhibited by this tumor. In the present paper we aimed to evaluate the unusual clinicopathological features in a series of 31 SFTs arising from parenchymal organs, superficial soft tissues and deep soft tissues...

BACKGROUND Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is an extremely rare mesenchymal neoplasm that is commonly seen in bone and soft tissue. It is associated with a paraneoplastic syndrome, oncogenic osteomalacia, due to tumor-induced urinary phosphate wasting. It is demonstrated to be predominantly mediated by fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)/fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) axis. Clinically, PMT usually presents as a solitary lesion in the bone. The diagnosis of PMT is challenging due to its non-specific clinical manifestation, radiologic findings, and morphological features...

Primary Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Tissue (GCT-ST) is a rare disease, a neoplasm with low potential for malignancy. It belongs to the group of Fibrohistiocytic tumors with borderline malignancy. Most commonly it presents as a painless, slow-growing mass in a superficial location. It is associated with lower local recurrence rate as compared to GCT of bone but has a higher rate for metastasis and mortality. A case of rare GCT-ST with suspicion of lung metastasis is being reported here. The lesion per-operatively appeared to be growing from the periosteum of the bone (tibia in our case)...

We present a rare case of histiocytic sarcoma (HS) occurring in the foot of a 12-year-old male, initially misdiagnosed as localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT). HS is an exceptionally uncommon hematologic malignant neoplasm, with its occurrence in children and extranodal sites being even rarer. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of extranodal HS in the foot, emphasizing comprehensive MRI findings. Initially, the patient was diagnosed with TSGCT based on histological results following surgical resection...

UNLABELLED: Introduction and Significance. Synovial sarcoma, accounting for 7-8 % of malignant sarcomas, typically manifests in adulthood, but it is noteworthy that adolescents and children make up 30 % of reported cases. Contrary to its name, this malignancy often originates from multipotent stem cells rather than the synovium. This report highlights a rare case involving a 23-year-old male with a localized synovial sarcoma in the plantar region, underscoring the importance of recognizing radiological signs for an accurate diagnosis...

BACKGROUND: Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT) is a mono-articular, soft-tissue tumor. Although it can behave locally aggressively, D-TGCT is a non-malignant disease. This is the first study describing the natural course of D-TGCT and evaluating active surveillance as possible treatment strategy. METHODS: This retrospective, multicenter study included therapy naïve patients with D-TGCT from eight sarcoma centers worldwide between 2000 and 2019...

Tenosynovial giant cell tumors represent a group of typically non-malignant tumors found within the joints and soft tissues. The occurrence of tenosynovial giant cell tumor alongside hematologic malignancies is an infrequent finding. Herein, we report a patient who presented with coinciding Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) and tenosynovial giant cell tumor before chemotherapy initiation. The case was discovered during initial assessment using [18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18 F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging for HL staging...

INTRODUCTION: Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (GCTTS), also known as tenosynovial giant cell tumor or pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis, is a rare benign soft-tissue tumor with an unclear cause. It is the second most frequent soft-tissue tumor in the hand after ganglion cyst. CASE REPORT: We described a female patient, age 19, who has had a 3 cm × 2 cm firm swelling on the palmer aspect of the right second metacarpal region for 7 years. The bulge developed spontaneously and moved quite slowly...

A giant intermuscular lipoma, an exceedingly rare occurrence, constitutes a non-malignant neoplasm originating from the mesodermal germ cell layer, with dimensions surpassing 10 cm. Its differentiation from liposarcoma and other malignant tumours is imperative. We present a case involving a 75-year-old woman who initially raised suspicions of liposarcoma due to pronounced enlargement and fullness in the upper quadrants of the left breast. After comprehensive imaging evaluations, the identification of a sizable BI-RADS 4a lesion positioned between the major and minor pectoral muscles of the left breast was found...

A giant basal cell carcinoma (GBCC) is a rare variant of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) that is larger (>5 cm) and more aggressive. While BCC is usually surgically excised as a small, local tumor, cases of GBCC represent a considerable portion of BCC malignancies and mortality. The growth of GBCC is hypothesized to be multifactorial, and due to the successful treatment of BCC, available data is limited. We present a case of GBCC found during routine post-mortem dissection in a 92-year-old male cadaver. The neoplasm showed predilection to periauricular soft tissue invasion, despite demonstrating high-risk characteristics for metastasis...

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma, the most common primary malignant bone tumor in childhood, very rarely occurs in the spine. Criteria of complete tumor resection/stable reconstruction of osteosarcoma and the latest protocol of neoadjuvant chemotherapy of the spine have not been reported because of its rarity, technical difficulties, and its continued severe surgical risk. CASE REPORT: A 11-year-old female complained of back pain for several months and walking disability...

Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) is a benign bone tumor that can occasionally progress to malignancy, usually in chronic cases. It is a common benign and aggressive bone tumor that affects patients aged between 20 and 45 years. The most common location is the knee joint. It manifests as a painless or occasionally painful swelling over the affected area. A case of giant cell tumor (GCT) of the proximal tibia in a 72-year-old male is reported here, which was difficult to diagnose as it is rarely found in the geriatric age group...

INTRODUCTION: Giant cell tumors of tendon sheath are benign, rarely malignant, soft-tissue tumors arising from tenosynovial sheath and periarticular soft tissue. They usually present as painless masses with some restriction of movement. Histopathological diagnosis is gold standard although pre-operative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), plain radiographs, and MRI help in narrowing down the differentials. Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) although benign is notorious for having a high rate of recurrences, with most important risk factors being adjacency to joint and incomplete excision...

BACKGROUND: Soft-tissue functional reconstruction is important for restoring hip function in proximal femoral replacement for tumor resection. This study evaluated functional outcome and postoperative complications of a specific synthetic ligament for soft-tissue functional reconstruction in proximal femoral replacement for tumor resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cohort included 80 patients (40 men and 40 women, mean age, 40 years (range, 10 to 79) who had benign invasive tumors (n=13), primary malignant bone tumors (n=40), or bone metastases (n=27)...

<b/>Myoepithelioma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is a rare malignant tumor originating from myoepithelial cell. This article reports a patient with a huge tumor in the neck and left elbow who underwent fine needle aspiration under local anesthesia. The pathological diagnosis was a myoepithelioma. Under general anesthesia, giant tumors in the lower neck, posterior cranial fossa, neck, and left elbow were removed, and postoperative pathology showed that they were all myoepithelial tumors. Immunohistochemistry showed AE1/AE3 (+), P63 (+), CK7 (+), CK5 (+), and CD138 (+)...

Locally aggressive mesenchymal tumors comprise a heterogeneous group of soft tissue and bone tumors with intermediate histology, incompletely understood biology, and highly variable natural history. Despite having a limited to absent ability to metastasize and excellent survival prognosis, locally aggressive mesenchymal tumors can be symptomatic, require prolonged and repeat treatments including surgery and chemotherapy, and can severely impact patients' quality of life. The management of locally aggressive tumors has evolved over the years with a focus on minimizing morbid treatments...