Diabetes in elderly

The burden of cardiovascular disease and the percentage of frail patients in the aging population will increase. This study aims to assess the circulating levels of several cytokines in frail patients. This is an ancillary analysis of the FRAPICA trial. The ratio of men/women changed from robust through frail groups from 3:1 to 1:2. The groups are comparable in terms of age and body measurements analysis (weight, height, and BMI), yet the frail patients have significantly reduced fat-free mass, and more often have been diagnosed with diabetes...

This study aimed to compare the dietary factors related to sarcopenia and obesity status in 5458 elderly individuals (2391 men and 3076 women) aged ≥65 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2019). Participants were categorized into normal, sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity groups. Sarcopenic obesity showed a higher prevalence of diabetes and lower HDL cholesterol levels compared to obesity. Sarcopenic obesity exhibited a lower total KHEI score and lower adequacy, including meat/fish/eggs/beans, than normal or obesity...

Ageing changes the impact of nutrition, whereby inflammation has been suggested to play a role in age-related disabilities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in postprandial bile-acid response and its effect on energy metabolism between young and elderly people. Nine young, healthy men and nine elderly, healthy men underwent a liquid mixed-meal test. Postprandial bile-acid levels, insulin, glucose, GLP-1, C4, FGF19 and lipids were measured. Appetite, body composition, energy expenditure and gut microbiome were also measured...

Background: Various diseases involving the cavernous sinus can cause a condition called cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS), which is characterized by ophthalmoplegia or sensory deficits over the face resulting from the compression effect of internal structure. While tumor compression is the most reported cause of CSS, statistical data on CSS caused by infections are limited. Its risk factors, treatment methods, and clinical outcomes are not well-documented. Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the data of patients admitted to a tertiary medical center from 2015 to 2022 with a diagnosis of acute and chronic sinusitis and at least one diagnostic code for CSS symptoms...

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, diagnosed by calculating body mass index (BMI). Methods: To find an association between BMI and mortality in adults, we searched PubMed for articles published in the 21st century. Our review included 82 original studies, comprising 2.7 million patients and 23.4 million patient years. Results: The meta-analysis showed a U-shaped relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality risk, with the lowest mortality in the BMI range of 25-30 kg/m2 . Subgroup analysis showed a J-shaped relationship, with greater risk in the highest BMI range (>35 kg/m2 )...

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) has a high prevalence in an elderly population and leads to a substantial hospitalization and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate factors that affect hospitalization and mortality in an elderly population. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted of HF patients aged 76-95 years residing in Region Halland, Sweden. Between 2013 and 2019, a total of 3134 patients received a novel diagnosis of HF and were subsequently monitored for one year using data from a healthcare database...

RATIONALE: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) can involve various organs throughout the body, primarily manifesting as endocrine dysfunction, visual impairment, jaundice, and limited sexual function. IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis is triggered by autoimmune reactions and characterized by structural changes in the pancreas and pancreatic ducts. The disease mainly affects middle-aged and elderly males, typically presenting as progressive painless jaundice and misdiagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma or pancreatic cancer...

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BACKGROUND: Urinary retention is the inability to urinate voluntarily and difficulty in urinating even when the bladder is full. Acute urinary retention is most common in men aged 60-80. In the past 5 years, 10% of men older than age 70 and almost a third of men in their 80s have experienced acute urinary retention. Risk factors include prostate enlargement, increasing age, African-American race, obesity, diabetes mellitus, high alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activity. Treatment for urinary retention is mainly urethral catheterization, but it can be uncomfortable for a patient in the long term...

Objective In this study, we aimed to assess the rates of pneumococcal and seasonal influenza vaccinations among elderly and nonelderly diabetes patients and examine their perceptions and attitudes toward the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Methods A single-center study was conducted among patients with diabetes, employing a structured survey encompassing sociodemographic data, vaccination records, and the COVID-19 vaccine perception and attitude scale. Results Among the 280 diabetes patients in our study, the vaccination rates for COVID-19, seasonal influenza, and pneumococcal vaccines were 96...

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate whether circulating ADAMTS13 activity can offer insights into the mechanism of pathophysiological changes in deep medullary veins (DMVs). METHODS: This study was conducted on a community cohort of elderly individuals in Shanghai. Plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels and ADAMTS13 activity were measured. A validated DMV score described the overall burden of DMV on the brain. Through ordinal regression models, we investigated the correlation between VWF levels, ADAMTS13 activity, and increasing severity of DMV score while adjusting for demographics and cardiovascular risk factors...

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, emphasis is being given to same-day discharge (SDD) following total joint arthroplasty. Unfortunately, despite a high degree of success, there are instances of failed SDD. Therefore, we aim to conduct a systematic review to evaluate factors contributing to failed SDD after total joint arthroplasty. METHODS: Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched. The Newcastle Ottawa score was used for the quality assessment of selected studies...

OBJECTIVES: To assess overall medication adherence as an indicator for emergency room (ER) visits, hospitalizations, and mortality among elderly patients. METHODS: The study included individuals aged 75 to 90 years, diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension, who were treated with at least one antihypertensive, or antidiabetic medication in 2017. We determined personal adherence rates by calculating the mean adherence rates of the medications prescribed to each individual...

BACKGROUND: Risk factors for alcohol withdrawal delirium include heavy drinking, prior alcohol withdrawal delirium or convulsions, nondrug sedative use, and a history of tachycardia, withdrawal, and infections. CASE PRESENTATION: A 76-year-old man with a history of heavy drinking and type 2 diabetes was hospitalized for hypothermia, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure after a typhoon. He developed alcohol withdrawal symptoms 24 h after his last drink, leading to severe withdrawal delirium characterized by restlessness, delusions, and altered consciousness...

OBJECTIVE: Detrusor overactivity with detrusor underactivity (DO-DU) is classically described in frail institutionalized elderly patients, but we have also observed this diagnosis in younger populations. This research aims to identify the differences between two age groups of DO-DU patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included DO-DU patients from a single center from 2012 to 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: the "Younger" group (aged less than 70 years) and the "Older" group (aged 70 years or older)...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to assess the risk factors and clinical characteristics of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in elderly hemodialysis patients. METHODS: Elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) at Deqing County People's Hospital in Zhejiang, China, from May 2020 to May 2023 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups depending on the occurrence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events: the case group and the control group...

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and blood pressure (BP) are correlated and serve as risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The potential impact of BP status on the association between the TyG index and CVD risk remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the relationships between the TyG index and incident CVD in Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults, considering variations in BP status among participants. METHODS: 6558 participants (mean age: 58...

OBJECTIVE: Frailty poses a crucial risk for postoperative complications in the elderly, with sarcopenia being a key component. The impact of sarcopenia on postoperative outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is still unclear. This study investigated the potential link between sarcopenia and postoperative outcomes among elderly THA patients. METHODS: Totally 198 older patients were enrolled in this study. Sarcopenia in this group was determined by assessing the skeletal muscle index, which was measured using computed tomography at the 12th thoracic vertebra and analyzed semi-automatically with MATLAB R2020a...

The ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial, comprising over 47 000 patient-years of placebo-controlled observation, demonstrated important reductions in the risk of recurrent ischaemic cardiovascular events with the monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 alirocumab, as well as lower all-cause death. These benefits were observed in the context of substantial and persistent lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with alirocumab compared to that achieved with placebo. The safety profile of alirocumab was indistinguishable from matching placebo except for a ∼1...

Based on a national representative sample of the population aged 50 years or older, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of frailty among men and women, identify associated sociodemographic and health factors, and estimate the population attributable fraction. Data from the second wave (2019-2021) of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) were used. Frailty was classified based on the number of positive items among unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, low level of physical activity, slow gait, and weakness...