Harrington Rod

This case reviews the clinical course of an elderly woman on chronic total parenteral nutrition who developed sepsis secondary to a rare, newly described gram-negative rod known as Phytobacter ursingii The patient noticed a leak in her Hickman catheter when infusing her nutrition. 24 hours after a new catheter was replaced, the patient developed fevers, chills and weakness. She presented to the hospital with hypotension and tachycardia, meeting shock criteria. Blood cultures grew P. ursingii, and the diagnosis of septic shock was confirmed...

PURPOSE: To evaluate radiographic and clinical outcomes following revision surgery after HRC fusions. METHODS: Single-institution, retrospective study of patients revised following HRC with minimum 2-year follow-up post-revision. Demographics, perioperative information, radiographic parameters, complications, and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores were collected. Radiographic parameters included global alignment, coronal and sagittal measurements pre and postoperatively, as well as final follow-up time points...

BACKGROUND: Long-segment instrumentation, such as Harrington rods, offload vertebrae within the construct, which may result in significant stress shielding of the fused segments. The present study aimed to determine the effects of spinal fusion on bone density by measuring Hounsfield units (HU) throughout the spine in patients with a history of Harrington rod fusion. METHODS: Patients with a history of Harrington rod fusion treated at a single academic institution were identified...

INTRODUCTION: From transiliac Harrington rods to minimally invasive (MIS) percutaneous 3D-navigated transsacral-transiliac screw (TTS) fixation, concepts of fixation methods in pelvic injuries with spinopelvic dissociation (SPD) are steadily redefined. This narrative review examines the literature of recent years regarding surgical treatment options and trends in SPD, outlining risks and benefits of each treatment option and addressing biomechanical aspects of sacral injuries and common classification systems...

Whether the thoracic cage deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) can be sufficiently treated with vertebral derotation alone, has been quite controversial. Our aim is to control the hypothesis that the rib cage deformity (RCD) may be adequately corrected when only vertebral derotation is applied. We studied retrospectively patients treated for AIS with posterior spinal fusion without costoplasty. The RCD was assessed on lateral radiographs by rib index (RI). The correction of RI after surgery was calculated...

BACKGROUND: Little data exist on pregnancy and childbirth for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients treated with a spinal fusion. The current literature relies on data from patients treated with spinal fusion techniques and instrumentation, such as Harrington rods, that are no longer in use. The objective of our study is to understand the effects of spinal fusion in adolescence on pregnancy and childbirth. METHODS: Prospectively collected data of AIS patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion that were enrolled in a multicenter study who have had a pregnancy and childbirth were reviewed...

BACKGROUND: Resection of intramedullary spinal cord tumors (IMSCTs) in pediatric patients results in a high incidence of spinal deformity (i.e., kyphoscoliosis often requiring fusion). Here, a 6-year-old male underwent a spinal fusion to correct postlaminectomy thoracic kyphosis following resection of an IMSCT. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 6-year-old male initially underwent multilevel thoracic laminectomies for resection of an IMSCT. Six months later, he presented with the onset of kyphoscoliosis...

The study aimed to assess long-term radiological outcomes in patients from our institution who were primarily treated for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with surgical correction using Harrington rod (HR) instrumentation, and afterward with watchful waiting of residual spinal deformity after HR removal, whereby no patient consented to spinal deformity correction. A single-institution case series of 12 patients was retrospectively evaluated. Preoperative and most recent post-instrumentation removal radiographic measurements were compared, along with baseline characteristics...

BACKGROUND: Little is known about whether diabetes increases the risk of COVID-19 infection and whether measures of diabetes severity are related to COVID-19 outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Investigate diabetes severity measures as potential risk factors for COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 outcomes. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, MEASURES: In integrated healthcare systems in Colorado, Oregon, and Washington, we identified a cohort of adults on February 29, 2020 (n = 1,086,918) and conducted follow-up through February 28, 2021...

OBJECTIVE: Operative treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS) with Magnetically Controlled Growing Rod (MCGR) in moderate-to-severe curves poses a challenge due to the limited amount of force and length available with the implant. The purpose of this study was to assess the use of the intra-operative internal spine distraction using Harrington Outrigger, before definitive implantation of MCGR, with regard to initial correction, maintenance of correction, truncal balance, and complication rates...

BACKGROUND: Harrington instrumentation for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) was revolutionary and allowed patients to mobilize faster as compared with patients treated with uninstrumented fusion. However, Harrington instrumentation provided correction of the deformity in 1 plane, resulting in limited sagittal plane control. Patients who received these 2 surgeries are aging, and to date, ultralong follow-up of these patients has not been reported. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term patient-reported outcomes and radiographic parameters after Harrington nonsegmental distraction instrumentation vs uninstrumented fusion in the treatment of AIS...

The surgical treatment of acetabular bone metastases rests on total hip arthroplasty (THA). In the event of major bone defects, the reconstruction may prove challenging. Two complicating factors are the need to obtain a mechanically stable acetabulum and the unfeasibility of using an autograft to increase the bone stock. The technique described in 1981 by Harrington involves implanting steel rods to reinforce the pelvis before sealing the prosthetic cup. We have now been using this technique for several years, and based on our accumulated experience we introduced several substantial modifications...

COVID-19 inequities have been well-documented. We evaluated whether higher rates of severe COVID-19 in racial and ethnic minority groups were driven by higher infection rates by evaluating if disparities remained when analyses were restricted to people with infection. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults insured through Kaiser Permanente (Colorado, Northwest, Washington), follow-up in March-September 2020. Laboratory results and hospitalization diagnosis codes identified individuals with COVID-19...

Despite extensive analysis of pRB phosphorylation in vitro, how this modification influences development and homeostasis in vivo is unclear. Here, we show that homozygous Rb∆K4 and Rb∆K7 knock-in mice, in which either four or all seven phosphorylation sites in the C-terminal region of pRb, respectively, have been abolished by Ser/Thr-to-Ala substitutions, undergo normal embryogenesis and early development, notwithstanding suppressed phosphorylation of additional upstream sites. Whereas Rb∆K4 mice exhibit telomere attrition but no other abnormalities, Rb∆K7 mice are smaller and display additional hallmarks of premature aging including infertility, kyphosis, and diabetes, indicating an accumulative effect of blocking pRb phosphorylation...

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: Assess measures of spinal-pelvic balance in predicting functional outcome in patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) at minimum 40-year follow-up. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Back pain and long-term function are considered when choosing levels for surgery in AIS patients. Three hundred and fourteen patients underwent fusion for AIS between 1961 and 1977...

The aim of the present study is to control the hypothesis that the rib hump deformity can be adequately corrected when applying vertebral derotation. We retrospectively studied patients treated with full pedicle screw systems (group A), hybrid constructs (group B), and Harrington rod instrumentation (group C). No costoplasties were performed in the patients included in our study. Derotation was applied in groups A and B. The rib hump deformity was assessed on lateral radiographic studies by rib index (RI). Of the 72 patients that were finally included in our study, 30 patients (24 females and 6 males; mean age, 14...

Light provides the primary signal for entraining circadian rhythms to the day/night cycle. In addition to rods and cones, the retina contains a small population of photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) expressing the photopigment melanopsin (OPN4). Concerns have been raised that exposure to dim artificial lighting in the evening (DLE) may perturb circadian rhythms and sleep patterns, and OPN4 is presumed to mediate these effects. Here, we examine the effects of 4-h, 20-lux DLE on circadian physiology and behavior in mice and the role of OPN4 in these responses...

Two recently introduced fungal plant pathogens ( Ceratocystis lukuohia and Ceratocystis huliohia ) are responsible for Rapid 'ōhi'a Death (ROD) in Hawai'i. Despite being sexually incompatible, the two pathogens often co-occur in diseased 'ōhi'a sapwood, where genetic interaction is possible. We sequenced and annotated 33 mitochondrial genomes of the two pathogens and related species, and investigated 35 total Ceratocystis mitogenomes. Ten mtDNA regions [one group I intron, seven group II introns, and two autonomous homing endonuclease (HE) genes] were heterogeneously present in C...

Limited unilateral instrumentation has been used in the past in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; however, to our knowledge, there are no reported cases with ultra-long follow up regarding this. Our objective is to report on the 43-year follow-up of limited Harrington rod instrumentation for the treatment of a double major adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curve. We describe the patient's initial presentation, including history, physical exam, radiographic findings and clinical decision-making...

INTRODUCTION: Surgical instrumentation in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is performed early in life and the implants are left in situ for the rest of the patient's life. Concern has been raised regarding persistent elevated levels of serum metal ions, but only a few studies on the topic have been published. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of serum metal ions in patients with AIS treated with either Harrington rod instrumentation or bracing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: AIS patients treated with Boston brace (BB) or posterior spinal fusion with Harrington rod instrumentation (HR) from 1983 to 1990 were requested to return to clinic...