gender variance

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC) in Chinese children, utilizing the principles of item response theory (IRT). METHODS: A total of 284 children (147 boys), aged 4-10 years (Mage  = 7.39, SD = 2.18), from four schools were recruited for testing, adhering to the principle of random sampling. The Rasch model was applied to evaluate the rating scale validity, local independence, scale dimensionality, person and item fit statistics, and differential item functioning (DIF)...

Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to carry out intended actions in the future. The present study investigated the effects of episodic future thinking (EFT) and enactment encoding (EE) on PM performance in autistic adults (ASD). A total of 72 autistic individuals and 70 controls matched for age, gender, and cognitive abilities completed a computerized version of the Dresden breakfast Task, which required participants to prepare breakfast following a set of rules and time restrictions. A two (group: ASD vs...

OBJECTIVE: The Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) has gained a reputation as the foremost retrospective assessment tool, although little is known about its reliability and validity. The aim of the study is to examine the psychometric properties of the PAS in a sample of Turkish schizophrenic patients. METHODS: The research was carried out with 80 patients with schizophrenia and 50 healthy people. The sociodemographic form and PAS were applied to both groups. In addition, the Disability Assessment Schedule (DAS)-II and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were applied to the patients...

AIM: This study aimed to examine levels of mental health literacy (MHL) and associated factors among adolescents. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with a total of 650 students aged 11-18 years in three middle and three high schools. Data were collected using the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Literacy Scale and evaluated using descriptive statistics and regression analysis to determine whether age, gender, and grade are predictive factors of MHL...

BACKGROUND: Given the high prevalence of depression in elderly people, appropriate interventions are essential. This study aimed to assess the effects of auriculotherapy on depression among elderly people. METHODS: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 2021. Fifty-two elderly were conveniently selected and randomly allocated to the sham (n=26) and intervention (n=26) groups through block randomization. The intervention group was subjected to four weeks of auriculotherapy at the Shen-Men, zero, heart, antidepressant, and master cerebral points using Vaccaria seeds fixed with adhesive tape...

Although myofascial release techniques (MRTs) are commonly used to improve athletes' range of motion (ROM), the effectiveness of MRTs may vary depending on the specific method performed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of MRTs on the ROM performance of athletes. (2) Methods: The electronic databases of Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant articles published up to June 2023. This study utilized the PRISMA guidelines, and four databases were searched...

Traumatic experiences are associated with increased experiences of positive schizotypy. This may be especially important for People of Color, who experience higher rates of trauma and racial discrimination. No study to date has examined how racial disparities in traumatic experiences may impact schizotypy. Furthermore, of the studies that have examined the relationship between trauma and schizotypy, none have examined racial discrimination as a potential moderator. The present study examined if racial discrimination moderates the relationship between trauma and multidimensional (positive, negative, and disorganized) schizotypy...

INTRODUCTION: The Positive Youth Development (PYD) framework is a strengths-based approach to adolescence that states that adolescents will thrive if nurtured by the right developmental assets. The family is one of the most important developmental assets, but studies about the relationship between family dynamics and the overall PYD of adolescents are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to examine the associations between five family dynamics indicators and PYD, while taking into account the role of gender...

BACKGROUND: The demand for orthodontic treatment among adults has witnessed a substantial rise in recent years. This study aims to explore the complexities of adult orthodontics, focusing on challenges faced, treatment outcomes, and the influence of factors such as age, gender, and education on patient compliance and satisfaction. METHODS: A multi-dimensional approach was employed, combining a review of clinical records with structured patient surveys. Descriptive statistics summarized demographic characteristics, treatment duration, and orthodontic problems addressed...

INTRODUCTION: Orthodontic pain (OP) is a subjective experience induced by prolonged force on the teeth in fixed orthodontic treatment. OP acts as a predictor of aspects related to oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL). It is important to understand the extent of the impact of OP on a patient's daily life, especially on stomatognathic function and social impact. OBJECTIVE: To assess the correlation between OP and OHRQOL in fixed orthodontic treatment patients...

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease, and hyperuricemia is a common comorbidity in patients with psoriasis. However, the exact relationship between uric acid levels and psoriasis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between uric acid levels and psoriasis. METHODS: Observational study participant data (≥16 years, n = 23,489) from NHANES 2003-2014. We conducted analyses using a weighted multiple logistic regression model...

PURPOSE: To investigate the associations among self-compassion, resilience and mental health of community residents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Voluntary survey of web-based, posters-based platform. PARTICIPANTS: 453 community residents. METHODS: Participants living in Kaohsiung, Taiwan were recruited from posters, online advertisements based platforms and were assessed with the self-compassion scale (SCS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and The Positive Mental Health Scale (PMH-scale) measures during the period from March 1 to October 31, 2023...

Hazardous drinking, defined as the consumption of homemade, unofficially made alcohol and non-beverages, is prevalent and accounts for a high proportion of alcohol-related deaths in Russia. Individual-level characteristics are important explanations of hazardous drinking, but they are unlikely to explain spatial variation in this type of alcohol consumption. Areas that attracted insufficient attention in the research of hazardous drinking are the legacy of industrialization and the speed of economic reforms, mainly through the privatization policy of major enterprises in the 1990s...

The primary purpose of this study was to 1) explore the relationship among the following variables: thoughts and feelings associated with historical loss, levels of acculturation, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol use among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people, as well as to 2) explore predictive relationships among historical loss thoughts and feelings, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol use for AI/AN people within this sample. A convenience (community, non-clinical) sample of 188 AI/AN people completed an online survey, including questions related to alcohol use, alcohol expectancies, thoughts and feelings of historical loss, and acculturation experiences...

BACKGROUND: The suffering experienced by terminally-ill patients encompasses physiological, psychosocial and spiritual dimensions. While previous studies have investigated symptom burden intensity for specific disease groups, such as cancer or heart failure patients, a research gap exists in understanding major distressing symptoms among diverse terminally-ill patients. This study assessed symptom burden intensity and explored its influential factors among diverse patient disease groups...

BACKGROUND: With access to  antiretroviral therapy (ART) HIV infection is a chronic manageable condition and non-sexually transmissible. Yet, many people living with HIV still testify about experiencing HIV-related stigma and discrimination. It is well-documented that HIV-related stigma and discrimination continue to be critical barriers to prevention, treatment, care and quality of life. From an individual stigma-reduction intervention perspective, it is essential to identify individual and interpersonal factors associated with HIV-related stigma manifestations...

This work illustrates the sensitivity of demographically characteristic body segment inertial properties and subject-specific customization on model performance. One characteristic demographic, gender, and one subject-specific characteristic, hip joint center location, were represented with musculoskeletal modeling to evaluate how design decisions may alter model outputs. Generic sexually dimorphic musculoskeletal models were developed from the commonly used Rajagopal model using male and female data adapted by Dumas et al...

Background Forensic odontology has emerged as a crucial method for identifying skeletal or dental remains. Due to the restricted accuracy of current techniques for estimating age at death, researchers have endeavored to illustrate age-related alterations in dental hard tissues. Bone remodeling constitutes an ongoing and intricate process throughout our lifespan. It is believed that morphological changes in the mandible during an individual's lifetime are influenced by both dental condition and the individual's age...

INTRODUCTION: Total thyroidectomy is evolving as the choice of treatment for non-malignant thyroid conditions. Therefore, an ideal method of thyroxine replacement is necessary to avoid the ill effects of under- and over-replacement in such patients. AIM: To assess the correlation between optimal thyroxine dose and potential variables like lean body mass (LBM), body surface area (BSA), body mass index (BMI), body weight, age, and sex in patients who underwent total thyroidectomies for benign multinodular goiters in our institute...

PURPOSE: With the further development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research, more and more assessment tools related to ADHD have been used. However, there is still no measurement instrument to evaluate the compensatory behavior of ADHD in China. This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Compensatory ADHD Behaviors Scale (CABS) adapted in Chinese and explore ecological characteristics in adults with ADHD using the CABS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data were collected from a sample of 306 adults ( M age = 26...