Ankle

Classifying gait patterns into homogeneous groups could enhance communication among healthcare providers, clinical decision making and clinical trial designs in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Sutherland's classification has been developed 40 years ago. Ever since, the state-of-the-art medical care has improved and boys with DMD are now longer ambulatory. Therefore, the gait classification requires an update. The overall aim was to develop an up-to-date, valid DMD gait classification. A total of 137 three-dimensional gait analysis sessions were collected in 30 boys with DMD, aged 4...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of upper and lower limb musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders among adult patients referred to physical therapy. METHODS: Data were retrospectively analyzed from electronic health records of patients referred to physical therapy between April 2021 and April 2023. MSK disorders were categorized based on the affected body region (upper or lower limb). RESULTS: A total of 11,243 patients were referred to physical therapy, of whom 4,156 (37%) had MSK disorders...

BACKGROUND: Most studies on cutting have focused on the biomechanics of the knee and lower-limb muscle activation characteristics, with less consideration given to the influence of motor experience on control strategies at the joint level. This study aimed to investigate the differences in knee stability and inter-joint coordination between high- and low-level athletes when cutting at different angles. METHODS: A Vicon motion capture system and a Kistler force table were used to obtain kinematic and ground reaction force data during cutting...

PURPOSE: The standard principle of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) targeted by most orthopaedicians is the alignment of the lower limb in a neutral mechanical axis. However, for several patients the neutral mechanical alignment is not normal. Aligning these patients to a neutral mechanical axis may not result in desirable outcomes as it may feel unnatural. This study aimed to discover what percentage of the young healthy Indian population have a neutral hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA = 180°) and what percentage of this population have a deviation from the neutral HKA...

The purpose of this article is to establish a prediction model of joint movements and realize the prediction of joint movemenst, and the research results are of reference value for the development of the rehabilitation equipment. This will be carried out by analyzing the impact of surface electromyography (sEMG) on ankle movements and using the Hill model as a framework for calculating ankle joint torque. The table and scheme used in the experiments were based on physiological parameters obtained through the model...

Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis are serious diseases with an ever-increasing incidence that quite often coexist, especially in the elderly. Individuals with obesity and T2DM have impaired bone quality and an elevated risk of fragility fractures, despite higher and/or unchanged bone mineral density (BMD). The effect of obesity on fracture risk is site-specific, with reduced risk for several fractures (e.g., hip, pelvis, and wrist) and increased risk for others (e.g., humerus, ankle, upper leg, elbow, vertebrae, and rib)...

Background: Blood vessels have the Windkessel effect and are involved in blood circulation. The breakdown of this mechanism is also involved in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF); however, the relationship between vascular dysfunction and HF prognosis is not fully understood. Methods : We evaluated 214 patients hospitalized for HF at our institution who underwent a cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), which evaluates vascular function, between January 2012 and July 2018. To investigate factors (including CAVI) associated with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during 1 year after patients with HF were discharged, we evaluated clinical profiles, blood tests, chest X-P, 12-lead electrocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiographic findings...

Background: The natural history of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is well understood, with progressive muscle weakness resulting in declines in function. The development of contractures is common and negatively impacts function. Clinically, joint hypermobility (JH) is observed but is poorly described, and its relationship with function is unknown. Methods : Lower-limb ROM (range of motion) assessments of extension and flexion at the hip, knee, and ankle were performed. ROMs exceeding the published norms were included in the analysis...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ankle brachial index (ABI) is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality, but it is unclear whether ABI is associated with cardiovascular mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The current study aimed to evaluate the association between ABI with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with NAFLD. METHODS: We performed a cohort study using the data of the1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data of adults...

INTRODUCTION: An acute Achilles tendon rupture represents a common tendon injury, and its operative methods have been developed over the years. This study aimed to quantify the learning curve for the minimally invasive acute Achilles tendon rupture repair. METHODS: From May 2020 to June 2022, sixty-seven patient cases who received minimally invasive tendon repair were reviewed. Baseline data and operative details were collected. The cumulative summation (CUSUM) control chart was used for the learning curve analyses...

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BACKGROUND: Advanced varus ankle osteoarthritis is a debilitating disease that can present with limited physical function, severe pain, and diminished quality of life. Weightbearing computed tomography enables submillimeter 3-dimensional visualization, computational analyses, and enhanced diagnoses in reporting complex degenerative changes more accurately. RESEARCH QUESTION: This study set to compare static posture weightbearing joint angle differences in healthy and varus ankle osteoarthritis patients (compensated and non-compensated)...

BACKGROUND & AIM: To date, there are no studies demonstrating the impact of the Mediterranean diet on the risk of diabetic foot ulcer. The aim of this research was to examine the connection between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the level of risk of diabetic foot ulcers in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Observational pilot study collecting sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, and type 2 diabetes-related data. Loss of protective sensation was assessed using the Semmes Weinstein 5...

BACKGROUND: Endothelial function declines with age and plays a critical role in cardiovascular health. Therefore, investigating endothelial function in successful aging models, such as centenarians, is of interest. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery is the gold standard for measuring endothelial function in vivo in humans. Therefore, we investigated, for the first time, the FMD of the brachial artery in a group of healthy centenarians. METHODS: Selected as part of the ABCD project (nutrition, cardiovascular wellness, and diabetes) centenarians (aged ≥100 years) living in the municipalities of Madonie (Palermo, Italy) were compared with a younger (aged <65 years) sex-matched control group from the ABCD general cohort...

RATIONALE: Maisonneuve fracture is a specific type of severe ankle injury. To our current knowledge, once a Maisonneuve fracture is diagnosed, the surgery is always recommended for fear of sequelae from inaccurate joint reconstruction. However, in this case, we treated a Maisonneuve fracture with a short leg cast, and the 41-month follow-up showed a favorable outcome with no post-traumatic osteoarthritis, chronic pain, and instability. Therefore, this case provides evidence for the feasibility of conservative treatment of Maisonneuve fracture...

BACKGROUND: The long-term sustainability of arthroscopic bone marrow stimulation (BMS) for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) remains a matter of debate. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the 10-year survival free from revision in ankles that had undergone arthroscopic BMS for an OLT. The secondary aim was to evaluate the influence of baseline patient and lesion characteristics on survival. METHODS: Patients who underwent arthroscopic BMS for a symptomatic OLT and had a minimum follow-up of 10 years were included to assess procedure survival...

BACKGROUND: Early recognition of dementia like Alzheimer's disease is crucial for disease diagnosis and treatment, and existing objective tools for early screening of cognitive impairment are limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate age-related behavioral indicators of dual-task cognitive performance and gait parameters and to explore potential objective markers of early cognitive decline. METHODS: The community-based cognitive screening data was analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Understanding the link between plantar force, pressure, and foot discomfort is important for nursing students' well-being, given the prevalence of foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders among nurses. Assessing these factors can inform tailored self-care interventions, supporting holistic nursing education. PURPOSE: To assess the plantar force and pressure distribution of third-year nursing students at baseline and after 5 months of exposure to a clinical setting...

Older adults, as well as those with certain neurological disorders, may compensate for poor neural control of postural stability by widening their base of foot support while walking. However, the extent to which this wide-based gait improves postural stability or affects postural control strategies has not been explored. People with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD, n = 72), frontal gait disorders (FGD, n = 16), and healthy older adults (n = 32) performed walking trials at their preferred speed over an 8-m-long, instrumented walkway...

In the present study, we examined the immediate effect of allowing healthy participants to view their mirror-reflected body image on static and dynamic balance. We placed a mirror to allow participants to frontally view their own body image while maintaining a quiet stance or while engaged in a dynamic postural standing task. On measures of body sway during quiet stance, there were no effects of this visual feedback, supporting the view that human beings have no central mechanism for viewing the mirror-reflected body image to control body sway during quiet stance...