Omalizumab

BACKGROUND: Brief erythematous-papular skin rashes suggest the diagnosis of urticaria; However, it may be another type of dermatitis, and complementary examinations must be carried out to establish its diagnosis. CASE REPORT: 53-year-old female patient, diagnosed in 2016 with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, in complete remission. Since 2010, he has had episodes of erythematous-papular lesions lasting 24-36 hours. He received antihistamines, corticosteroids and omalizumab without clinical improvement...

INTRODUCTION: Allergic diseases are common chronic conditions in children, omalizumab has a wide range of adoptions in various diseases. A meta-analysis was implemented to demonstrate the efficacy of omalizumab in the therapy of pediatric allergic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: English databases were searched. The search terms included "Omalizumab", "Children", "Allergic asthma", and "Atopic dermatitis". The literature was screened regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data were extracted and analyzed using RevMan5...

The prevalence of asthma among the elderly population has witnessed a notable rise, presenting unique challenges in diagnosis and management. This comprehensive review explores the evolving landscape of biologic therapies for elderly asthmatics, emphasizing the need for future studies to focus on the distinctive characteristics of this demographic. Biologic therapies, such as omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab, and tezepelumab, have demonstrated efficacy in targeting specific pathways associated with severe asthma in elderly individuals...

INTRODUCTION: Recurrences occur when corticosteroid therapy is discontinued or reduced during the treatment of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP). The probability of recurrence is once in 50% of patients and twice or more in 25%. In such instances, new treatment options are deemed necessary. This study aims to assess the efficacy of omalizumab treatment as a steroid-sparing drug in patients with CEP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical features of patients treated with omalizumab for recurrent CEP were evaluated retrospectively before and after treatment...

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Chronic RhinoSinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) represents a condition mainly caused by the type 2 inflammation presence and marked by the existence of polyps within the nasal and paranasal sinuses. The standard of care includes intranasal steroids, additional burst of systemic steroids, if needed, and surgery. However, recurrence is common, especially among patients with comorbid type 2 inflammatory diseases. Recently, biological drugs, addressing the underlying cause of the disease, have been approved in Italy (dupilumab, omalizumab, and mepolizumab)...

The evolution of personalized medicine in dermatology signifies a transformative shift towards individualized treatments, driven by the integration of biomarkers. These molecular indicators serve beyond diagnostics, offering insights into disease staging, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring. Specific criteria guide biomarker selection, ensuring attributes like specificity, sensitivity, cost feasibility, stability, rapid detection, and reproducibility. This literature review, based on data from PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science, explores biomarkers in Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS), Psoriasis, Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Alopecia Areata (AA), Vitiligo, and Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Food allergy is a major health concern worldwide, encompassing both immunologic and non-immunologic reactions. This review thoroughly examines the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment options for various types of food allergies. Immunologic food allergies, including IgE-mediated reactions such as oral allergy syndrome and systemic anaphylaxis, pose various diagnostic and management challenges. Non-IgE-mediated reactions such as food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, dermatitis herpetiformis, and proctocolitis necessitate individualized patient care...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Peanut allergy affects about 1%-3% of the pediatric population in the world, with an important increase in the last decades. Nowadays, international guidelines recommend the early introduction of peanuts in the infant diet, with poor information about the quantity and the frequency of the intake. Allergen immunotherapy may represent the only therapeutic strategy able to modify the natural history of peanut allergy. In particular, oral immunotherapy showed the most promising results in terms of efficacy, but with significant rates of adverse reactions, mostly gastrointestinal...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The anti-IgE monoclonal, omalizumab, is widely used for severe asthma. This study aimed to identify biomarkers that predict clinical improvement during one year of omalizumab treatment. METHODS: 1-year, open-label, S tudy o f M echanisms of action of O malizumab in S evere A sthma ( SoMOSA ) involving 216 severe (GINA step 4/5) uncontrolled atopic asthmatics (≥2 severe exacerbations in previous year) on high-dose inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting β-agonists, ± mOCS...

BACKGROUND: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common, debilitating skin disorder characterized by recurring episodes of raised, itchy and sometimes painful wheals lasting longer than 6 weeks. CSU is mediated by mast cells which are absent from peripheral blood. However, lineage- CD34hi CD117int/hi FcεRI+ cells in blood have previously been shown to represent a mast cell precursor. METHODS: We enumerated FcεRI- , FcεRI+ and FcεRIhi lineage- CD34+ CD117+ cells using flow cytometry in blood of patients with CSU (n = 55), including 12 patients receiving omalizumab and 43 not receiving omalizumab (n = 43)...

INTRODUCTION: Two distinct chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) endotypes, IgE-mediated autoallergic and IgG-mediated autoimmune, were defined based on the response patterns to omalizumab. However, the coexistence of IgE and IgG autoantibodies in a subset of patients might complicate the prediction of the treatment outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of omalizumab in CSU patients, focusing on the factors predicting the response patterns. METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional single-center study investigating CSU patients treated with omalizumab for at least 6 months between September 2015 and February 2023...

BACKGROUND: The stability, efficacy, and safety of omalizumab at different doses and regimens for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are yet to be studied. OBJECTIVE: A systematic review (SR) with meta-analysis (MA) and trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in CSU. METHODS: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of administering omalizumab versus placebo for CSU were searched. Random-effects MAs were performed using planned subgroup analyses...

INTRODUCTION: Asthma encompasses a spectrum of phenotypes often categorized into two groups- type 2 high (T2 high) and type 2 low (T2 low). T2 high includes atopic and eosinophilic presentations whereas T2 low is non-atopic, non-eosinophilic, and oft associated with neutrophilic inflammation. Eosinophilic asthma is often driven by IgE, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and TSLP. This can lead to eosinophilic inflammatory response in the airways which in turn can be used as target for treatment. AREAS COVERED: The article will focus on biologic therapy that is currently being used in eosinophilic asthma management in mainly the adult population including clinical trials and co-morbidities that can be treated using the same biologics...

The recent approval of omalizumab for the treatment of IgE-mediated food allergy is an important step forward for the millions of food allergy patients in the US. Through the depletion of circulating IgE and the subsequent reduction of FCεR1 on key effector cells, patients increase their tolerance to food allergens. However, omalizumab does not permit patients to eat foods that they are allergic to with impunity. Rather, it protects them from most accidental exposures. In addition, omalizumab does not cure food allergy and has not demonstrated true immunomodulation...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is an immunologic condition with an estimated prevalence of 0.1%. For CSU that is poorly controlled despite the use of antihistamines, omalizumab is the only treatment approved and recommended by international guidelines. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to outline the impact of treatment accessibility on CSU outcomes in the real world. METHODS: Serial data on adult patients with CSU receiving care for at least 6 months at a dedicated, immunologist-led urticaria clinic at Grantham Hospital in Hong Kong between 2018 and 2023 were analyzed...