Parathyroide

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by elevated levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH). However, the interpretation of diagnostic tests, such as serum calcium and PTH levels, is complex in pregnant women. The aim of this report is to present a case of PHTP in a pregnant adolescent, with a special emphasis on an uncommon complication, as well as diagnostic and treatment strategies. A 17-year-old pregnant female presented with hyperemesis gravidarum and neurological symptoms, leading to the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis...

Introduction Anxiety and depression are prevalent psychological issues among hemodialysis patients, adversely affecting their well-being and treatment response. The study aims to identify the relationship between these mental health concerns and hyperparathyroidism in chronic hemodialysis patients from the Al Baha Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods This retrospective study included 143 chronic hemodialysis patients aged 18-85 years. Monthly laboratory records for parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for mental health assessment were utilized...

INTRODUCTION: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has emerged as an important outcome measure inpatients with CKD. The lack of prospective studies on HRQoL and its relation with hyperphosphatemia control measures among pre-dialysis patients necessitated the need for this study. METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, open-labelled studythat was conducted for one year on 120 CKD stages III and IV patients divided equally into three groups: Group 1, in which patients under went dietary phosphorus modification; Group 2, in which they were administered calcium-based phosphate binders; and Group 3, in which they were administered non-calcium-based phosphate binders...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated pruritus is a common, persistent, and distressing itch experienced by patients across the CKD spectrum. Although the disorder is associated with adverse outcomes and poor health-related quality of life, it remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. The purpose of this narrative review is to offer health care providers guidance on how to effectively identify, assess, and treat patients with CKD-associated pruritus, with the goal of reducing symptom burden and improving patient-important outcomes, such as quality of life (QoL)...

INTRODUCTION: The causal relationship between hyperparathyroidism and kidney graft dysfunction remains inconclusive. Applying Bradford-Hill's temporality and consistency causation principles, we assessed the effect of parathyroid hormone (iPTH) on graft histology and eGFR trajectory on kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with normal time-zero graft biopsies. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study evaluating the effect of hyperparathyroidism on interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) development in 1232 graft biopsies...

BACKGROUND: Currently, parathyroidectomy is the standard treatment for Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Surgical treatment is often effective, although not free of complications and relapses. Minimally invasive techniques, such as Microwave Ablation (MWA) and Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), are an alternative to surgery in selected patients. We have, herein, reported on the successful use of RFA in a patient with post-surgical persistent hyperparathyroidism. CASE PRESENTATION: A 54-year-old woman was referred to our Center for mild hypercalcemia with exams revealing Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT)...

The global population is at risk of vitamin D deficiency due to low exposure to sunlight and low intake of the vitamin through diet. The aim of this study was to investigate in women the association between vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone (PTH), ultraviolet radiation, lifestyle, ethnicity, social conditions, and residential greenness. A 1-year longitudinal study assessed vitamin D status in 309 women living at latitude 51°14' N. Blood samples were taken four times throughout the year for analysis of 25(OH)D and serum PTH concentration...

Calcium and vitamin D deficiencies have been ongoing problems in Koreans due to a lack of food sources of calcium and vitamin D. Postmenopausal women aged 50 to 64 years ( n = 25) were randomly assigned to consume three home meal replacements (HMRs)/week with (treatment) and without (control) eggshell powder and vitamin D for 6 months. Additionally, subjects who agreed to continue the study consumed the same three HMRs/week for an additional 6 months in this randomized double-blind study. We confirmed the high compliance of the study participants by analyzing carotenoids, the bioactive substances of HMRs, in the blood...

Soft tissue calcifications frequently appear on imaging studies, representing a prevalent but non-specific discovery, varying from a local reaction without clear cause to suggesting an underlying systemic condition. Because calcifications like these can arise from various causes, an accurate differential diagnosis is crucial. Differential diagnosis entails a methodical assessment of the patient, encompassing clinical presentation, medical history, radiological and pathological findings, and other pertinent factors...

Transient receptor potential canonical sub-family channel 3 (TRPC3) is considered to play a critical role in calcium homeostasis. However, there are no established findings in this respect with regard to TRPC6. Although the parathyroid gland is a crucial organ in calcium household regulation, little is known about the protein distribution of TRPC channels-especially TRPC3 and TRPC6-in this organ. Our aim was therefore to investigate the protein expression profile of TRPC3 and TRPC6 in healthy and diseased human parathyroid glands...

Introperative nerve monitoring (IONM) of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a well-established technique to aid in thyroid/parathyroid surgery. However, there is little evidence to support its use in non-thyroid or non-parathyroid surgery. The aim of this paper was to review the current evidence regarding the use of IONM in non-thyroid/non-parathyroid surgery in the head and neck and thorax. A literature search was performed from their inception up to January 2024, including the term "recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring"...

Mineral metabolism, in particular Ca, and to a lesser extent phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg), is altered with the onset of lactation because of extensive irreversible loss to synthesize colostrum and milk. The transient reduction in the concentration of Ca in blood, particularly when it lasts days, increases the risk of mineral-related disorders such as hypocalcemia and, to a lesser extent, hypophosphatemia. Although the incidence of clinical hypocalcemia can be reduced by prepartum dietary interventions, subclinical hypocalcemia remains prevalent, affecting up to 60% of the dairy cows in the first 3 d postpartum...

With the aging population, there is a rising incidence of senile diseases, notably osteoporosis, marked by fractures, prolonged recovery, and elevated mortality rates, underscoring the urgency for effective treatments. In this study, we applied the method of absorbing parathyroid hormone (PTH), a treatment for osteoporosis, into graft materials. Two types of graft materials with different properties, whitlockite (WH) and hydroxyapatite (HAP), were used. After forming calvarial defects in osteoporotic rats, WH and HAP grafts were implanted, with PTH applied directly to the graft sites...

BACKGROUND: Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is known to have a pivotal role in the progression of various solid tumors, among which prostate cancer stands out. However, the extent of PTHrP expression and its clinical implications in prostate cancer patients remain shrouded in obscurity. The primary objective of this research endeavor was to shed light on the relevance of PTHrP in the context of prostate cancer patients and to uncover the potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS: The expression of PTHrP, E-cadherin, and vimentin in tumor tissues of 88 prostate cancer patients was evaluated by immunohistochemical technique...

To investigate the value of preoperative ultrasound combined with 99mTc-MIBI imaging for the diagnosis of ectopic intrathyroid parathyroid gland (ETPG) in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). One hundred and eleven patients with SHPT who underwent total parathyroidectomy plus forearm transplantation from January 2015 to January 2022 in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected. All patients underwent routine preoperative ultrasonography and 99mTc-MIBI imaging, and with pathological diagnosis as the gold standard, the clinical data of ETPG patients were selected, including clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, preoperative ultrasonography and 99mTc-MIBI imaging for localization and diagnosis, intraoperative exploration and postoperative pathology, and postoperative follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Hypercalcemia-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare entity primarily associated with iatrogenic vitamin D/calcium overdose, malignancy, or, infrequently, primary hyperparathyroidism. CASE REPORT: We present a novel case of an adult male from rural India who experienced recurrent acute pancreatitis caused by hypercalcemia with concurrent manifestation of PRES. Diagnostic evaluation revealed markedly elevated serum calcium levels and parathyroid hormone concentrations, consistent with primary hyperparathyroidism...

BACKGROUND: Whether the endocrine aberrations caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) might influence bone density in women of reproductive age is controversial. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to compare PCOS women to a control group matched in terms of age and body mass index (BMI) regarding bone indices and to clarify the potential relationship between their hormonal changes and bone density. METHODS: This case-control study consisted of 61 PCOS patients, and 35 women with normal ovulatory function served as controls...

The kidney, parathyroid gland, and choroid plexus express the aging-related transmembrane protein α-Klotho, a coreceptor of the fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) receptor complex. Reduced α-Klotho levels are correlated with chronic kidney disease and other age-related diseases, wherein they are released from membranes into circulation. Klotho's potential physiological action as a hormone is of current scientific interest. Part of the challenges associated with advancing these studies, however, has been the long-standing difficulty in detecting soluble α-Klotho in biofluids...

INTRODUCTION: 24-Hydroxylase, encoded by the CYP24A1 gene, is a crucial enzyme involved in the catabolism of vitamin D. Loss-of-function mutations in CYP24A1 result in PTH-independent hypercalcaemia with high levels of 1,25(OH)2 D3 . The variety of clinical manifestations depends on age, and underlying genetic predisposition mutations can lead to fatal infantile hypercalcaemia among neonates, whereas adult symptoms are usually mild. AIM OF THE STUDY: We report a rare case of an adult with primary hyperparathyroidism and loss-of-function mutations in the CYP24A1 gene and a review of similar cases...

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of VA on the tibial growth, calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) metabolism, VA and vitamin D (VD) deposition, and associated gene expression in goslings. METHODS: A total of 180 healthy, 1-day-old male goslings were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups (0, 9,000, and 15,000 IU VA/kg), with 6 replicates containing 10 goslings each. They were weighed and sampled on days 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70...