cognitive impairment and CKD

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: There seems to be a lack of consensus on the necessity and the modality of psychological and specifically cognitive assessment of candidates for kidney transplantation. Both points are often delegated to individual hospitals/centres, whereas international guidelines are inconsistent. We think it is essential to investigate professionals' opinions to advance towards a consistent clinical practice. METHODS: This paper presents the results of an international survey among clinical professionals, mainly nephrologists from the CONNECT (Cognitive decline in Nephro-Neurology: European Cooperative Target) network and beyond (i...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare gray matter volume changes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). METHODS: A total of 27 PD patients, 25 HD patients, and 42 healthy controls were included. VBM analysis was performed, and cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). The correlation between cognitive function and changes in brain gray matter volume was analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction is a well-known complication of chronic kidney disease, but it is less known whether cognitive decline occurs in survivors after acute kidney injury (AKI). We hypothesized that an episode of AKI is associated with poorer cognitive function, mediated, at least in part, by persistent systemic inflammation. METHODS: ASSESS-AKI enrolled patients surviving three months after hospitalization with and without AKI matched based on demographics, comorbidities, and baseline kidney function...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) likely contributes to the high prevalence of cognitive decline found among individuals with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Our objective is to critically evaluate the recent literature regarding the association between SHPT and cognitive decline and identify potential mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS: Nine studies assessing the relationship between SHPT and cognition have been published in the last two decades, each showing that elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were associated with cognitive decline...

BACKGROUND: Cognitive function impairment (CFI) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and significantly impacts treatment adherence and quality of life. This study aims to create a simplified nomogram for early CFI risk detection. METHODS: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles spanning from 1999 to 2002 and again from 2011 to 2014. Stepwise logistic regression was used to select variables and construct a CFI risk prediction model...

Introduction. Patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis (HD) treatment have an 8-10 times higher risk of experiencing stroke events and developing cognitive impairment. The high vascular stress they are subjected to may be the basis for the development of vascular dementia (VaD). Objective. The aim of the study is to investigate the executive functions, typically impaired in VaD, of patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis treatment. Method. HD patients were recruited from the U.O.C. of Nephrology and Dialysis (ASP Ragusa)...

Cognitive impairment (CI) is a complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that is frequently observed among patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential crosstalk between changes in cognitive function and the levels of Klotho in the brain cortex in an experimental model of CKD. To induce renal damage, Wistar rats received a diet containing 0.25% adenine for six weeks, while the control group was fed a standard diet. The animals underwent different tests for the assessment of cognitive function...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with multiple complications, with recent scholarly attention underscoring cognitive impairment as a salient manifestation. Considering societal aging, preserving cognitive function has emerged as an urgent medical concern. Prolonged dialysis, encompassing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD), has been associated with a decline in cognitive function. Here, we present the cases of three patients undergoing PD who exhibited a noticeable improvement in cognitive function upon the initiation of HD...

BACKGROUND: As the medical challenges posed by the ageing population become increasingly severe, the proportion of older people among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing every year. The prevalence of frailty in patients with CKD is significantly higher than that in the general population, and older patients are also a high-risk group for frailty and cognitive impairment. Cognitive frailty, as an important subtype of frailty, is a syndrome characterised by cognitive dysfunction caused by physiological factors, excluding Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia...

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment (CoI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and depression are prevalent among older adults and are interrelated, imposing a significant disease burden. This study evaluates the association of CKD and depression with CoI and explores their potential interactions. METHOD: Data for this study were sourced from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES). Multiple binary logistic regression models assessed the relationship between CKD, depression, and CoI while controlling for confounders...

BACKGROUND: Standard continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics: mean glucose, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and time in range, fail to capture the shape of variability in the CGM time series. This information could facilitate improved diabetes management. METHODS: We analyzed CGM data from 141 adults with type 2 diabetes in the Hyperglycemic Profiles in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (HYPNOS) trial. Participants in HYPNOS wore CGM sensors for up to two weeks at two time points, three months apart...

PURPOSE: Previous studies suggest an association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cognitive impairment. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between the diverse stages of CKD and the cognitive performance of elderly American adults. METHODS: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 were used. Multivariate adjusted logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and the restricted cubic spline model were used to assess the associations of CKD stage and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with cognitive performance...

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is common in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its prevalence increases with progressive loss of kidney function. MCI is characterized by a decline in cognitive performance greater than expected for an individual age and education level but with minimal impairment of instrumental activities of daily living. Deterioration can affect one or several cognitive domains (attention, memory, executive functions, language, and perceptual motor or social cognition). Given the increasing prevalence of kidney disease, more and more people with CKD will also develop MCI causing an enormous disease burden for these individuals, their relatives and society...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have an increased risk for cognitive impairment compared to the general population. The risk is much higher in CKD patients who progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and require hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Multiple factors may contribute to cognitive impairment in CKD patients and in patients on chronic dialysis. However, the observation that, after kidney transplantation, there is an improvement in several cognitive performance markers and that some structural and functional brain abnormalities may improve suggests that cognitive deficits in patients on dialysis may be at least partially reversible...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of sarcopenia with systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) and platelet parameters in geriatric patients. METHODS: We designed a cross-sectional retrospective study in patients presented to a geriatric outpatient clinic for the first time. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was made in accordance with the EWGSOP2 criteria. SIRI, MHR, mean platelet volume /Platelet count (MPV/Plt), platelet distribution width /Platelet (PDW/Plt), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were calculated from fasting blood test results at the time of admission...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) pose significant public health challenges, sharing intertwined pathophysiological mechanisms. Prediabetes is recognized as a precursor to diabetes and is often accompanied by cardiovascular comorbidities such as hypertension, elevating the risk of pre-frailty and frailty. Albuminuria is a hallmark of organ damage in hypertension amplifying the risk of pre-frailty, frailty, and cognitive decline in older adults. We explored the association between albuminuria and cognitive impairment in frail older adults with prediabetes and CKD, assessing cognitive levels based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)...

In Japan, the aging of the population is rapidly accelerating, with an increase in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and those undergoing dialysis. As a result, the number of individuals with cognitive impairment (CI) is rising, and addressing this issue has become an urgent problem. A notable feature of dementia in CKD patients is the high frequency of vascular dementia, making its prevention through the management of classical risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, etc...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an increasingly common disease in both children and adults. In addition to neuronal and/or vascular disorders, it can cause chemosensory abnormalities including olfactory deterioration. The purpose of this article is to summarize current knowledge on olfactory function in DM, highlighting the impact of co-morbidities, especially obesity, thyroid dysfunction, chronic kidney disease and COVID-19 on olfactory outcomes. Research to date mostly shows that olfactory impairment is more common in people with diabetes than in the general population...

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is largely an age-related clinical disorder with accelerated cognitive and cardiovascular aging. Cognitive impairment is a well-documented occurrence in midlife and older adults with CKD and affects multiple domains. We examined cognition function and potential sex differences in cognition in adults with CKD. METHODS: We included 105 individuals (49.5% women) with CKD stage 3b-4 (eGFR 15-44 mL/min) from the Bicarbonate Administration in CKD Trial (NCT02915601)...

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: It remains unclear if the relation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with cognitive dysfunction is independent of blood pressure (BP). We evaluated kidney function in relation to premorbid BP measurements, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in Framingham Offspring Cohort participants. METHODS: We included Framingham Offspring participants free of dementia, attending an examination during midlife (exam cycle 6, baseline) for ascertainment of kidney function status, with brain MRI late in life (exam cycles 7-9), cognitive outcome data and available interim hypertension and blood pressure assessments...