long jump

The existence and properties of envelope solitary waves on a periodic traveling-wave background, called traveling breathers, are investigated numerically in representative nonlocal dispersive media. Using a fixed-point computational scheme, a space-time boundary-value problem for bright traveling breather solutions is solved for the weakly nonlinear Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation, a nonlocal, regularized shallow water wave model, and the strongly nonlinear conduit equation, a nonlocal model of viscous core-annular flows...

Objectives: This study explored the relationship between physical activity (PA), body mass index (BMI), and physical fitness among junior high school students in Shanghai. Methods: A nationwide offline survey was conducted in Shanghai between August and December 2023, using a purposive sampling design. A total of 403 questionnaires were administered to 10 ninth-grade classes in 10 schools in Shanghai and 372 responses were included in the final analysis. Smart-PLS 4.0, structural equation modeling techniques were employed to analyze the collected data...

Predation is well known to have substantial effects on behaviour and fitness in many animals. In songbirds, nest predation is rarely observed directly, so that research focusses primarily on the consequences of predation and less on the behaviour of the predator. Here, we report predation data in a zebra finch ( Taeniopygia catanosis ) nest box population, highlighting a 22-min-long sequence, captured on video, of a sand goanna ( Varanus gouldii ) predating a zebra finch nest in the wild. This monitor lizard appeared to be extremely persistent with climbing and jumping up to the next box nine times, including three successive unsuccessful attempts that lead to a change in approach strategy...

PURPOSE: Wiswesser Line Notation (WLN) is a old line notation for encoding chemical compounds for storage and processing by computers. Whilst the notation itself has long since been surpassed by SMILES and InChI, distribution of WLN during its active years was extensive. In the context of modernising chemical data, we present a comprehensive WLN parser developed using the OpenBabel toolkit, capable of translating WLN strings into various formats supported by the library. Furthermore, we have devised a specialised Finite State Machine l, constructed from the rules of WLN, enabling the recognition and extraction of chemical strings out of large bodies of text...

The molecular dynamics study of thermotropic mesogens exhibiting the crystal phases is valuable in unraveling the complex global (collective) and local (noncollective) motions executed by liquid crystal molecules, which would further advance the existing knowledge on orientationally disordered crystalline (ODIC) phases. Toward the fulfillment of such a task, a combined nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry approach employing the fast field cycling (FFC) NMR (10 kHz-30 MHz) and high-field pulsed NMR (400 MHz) techniques is utilized to sample the broad frequency range offered by molecular motions in the crystal phase of 4-(trans-4'- n -hexylcyclohexyl)-isothiocyanatobenzene (6CHBT)...

This exploratory study examines the relationship between the eccentric utilization ratio (EUR) and the rate of force development (RFD) in squat jumps (SJ). EUR, a key metric in sports science, compares performance in countermovement jumps (CMJ) and squat jumps (SJ). The study hypothesizes that a higher EUR is associated with a poorer RFD in SJ. Basketball and soccer players, long-distance runners, alongside physical education students (209 men; age: 23.2 ± 4.95 years and 104 women; age: 22...

The objective of the current study was to explore the correlation between repeated sprint sets (RSS) ability and several physical attributes, including maximum sprint speed, maximal aerobic speed, maximal anaerobic speed, aerobic capacity, and explosive strength. Moreover, the aim was to assess the suitability of RSS as a comprehensive evaluation tool for physical qualities and to determine which physical field tests most accurately predict RSS in elite young male soccer players. A total of thirty-two young elite male soccer players (mean age 14...

BACKGROUND: Equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM) has severe impact on the sport horse population. OBJECTIVE: Study the influence of EHM on the likelihood of affected horses to return to their previous performance and investigate the association of clinical variables with prognosis. ANIMALS: Twenty-six horses positive for equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) were admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital (VTH) during a natural EHM outbreak at an international jumping event...

BACKGROUND: An appropriate teaching mode in physical education is crucial for ensuring effective education outcomes. Given the dynamic nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, teaching modes are often adjusted. However, there is a lack of in-depth research on the impact of different teaching modes on the outcomes of physical education. Our study aims to address this gap by conducting a comparative analysis of the teaching effectiveness of three different physical education modes among Chinese college students, with a focus on evaluating their impact on physical fitness...

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between differences in intraoperative jumping gaps and soft tissue changes around immediate implant placement and provisionalization (IIPP) in the maxillary anterior region. Results will provide a basis for clinical evaluation of the change trend and long-term stability of the labial soft tissue contours of patients with different jumping gaps. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with single tooth loss in the maxillary aesthetic area were enrolled, and they all received immediate implant placement and restoration...

When improving athletic performance in sports with high-speed strength demands such as soccer, basketball, or track and field, the most common training method might be resistance training and plyometrics. Since a link between strength capacity and speed strength exists and recently published literature suggested chronic stretching routines may enhance maximum strength and hypertrophy, this review was performed to explore potential benefits on athletic performance. Based on current literature, a beneficial effect of static stretching on jumping and sprinting performance was hypothesized...

PURPOSE: To understand athletic performance before and after puberty, this study determined: 1) the age at which the sex difference increases among elite youth track and field athletes for running and jumping events; and 2) whether there is a sex difference in performance prior to ages associated with puberty among elite youth athletes. METHODS: Track and field records of elite USA male and female youth (7-18 years) across three years (2019, 2021, and 2022) were collected from an online database ( athletic...

The monotypic genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 is revalidated based on both molecular sequence data (ultra-conserved elements and protein coding genes of mitochondrial genomes) and morphological evidence. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses show that Cheliceroides is not closely related to Colopsus Simon, 1902, not even in the same tribe, and a comparative morphological study also demonstrates significant differences in the genital structures (i.e. in the shape of embolus, and with or without pocket on epigynum) of the two genera...

UNLABELLED: The intracellular symbiont Wolbachia pipientis evolved after the divergence of arthropods and nematodes, but it reached high prevalence in many of these taxa through its abilities to infect new hosts and their germlines. Some strains exhibit long-term patterns of co-evolution with their hosts, while other strains are capable of switching hosts. This makes strain selection an important factor in symbiont-based biological control. However, little is known about the ecological and evolutionary interactions that occur when a promiscuous strain colonizes an infected host...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether weekly oral vitamin D supplementation influences grip strength, explosive leg power, cardiorespiratory fitness or spirometric lung volumes in Mongolian schoolchildren. METHODS: Multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in children aged 6-13 years at baseline attending 18 schools in Ulaanbaatar. The intervention was weekly oral doses of 14,000 IU vitamin D 3 (n=4418) or placebo (n=4433) for 3 years...

BACKGROUND: Carrot is an important vegetable crop grown worldwide. The major economic problem in carrot cultivation is yellow disease caused by Bactericera trigonica, which induces biotic stress and has the greatest impact on crop productivity. Comprehensive studies on the mechanism of carrot defense response to biotic stress caused by B. trigonica infestation have yet to be conducted. METHODS: The changes in photosynthetic pigments, proline, TPC, H2 O2 and MDA content, DPPH radical scavenging ability, and antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD, CAT, and POX in carrot leaves in response to insect sex (female and male), rapid response (during the first six hours), and long-term response to B...

There is a well-established relationship between physical activity (PA) and physical fitness in children, being the latter an important marker for present and future health; however, there is still insufficient knowledge for the transition from the preschool age to early childhood. Therefore, this study in Swedish children aimed to investigate the estimated effect of meeting the aerobic component of the PA guidelines at 4 and/or 9 years of age on physical fitness measured at 9 years of age. PA was assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer and identical data processing in 217 healthy children in Sweden (114 boys and 103 girls)...

BACKGROUND: Rapid regeneration after intense exercise is essential for competitive athletes. Based on this assumption, supplementation strategies, focusing on food supplements, are increasing to improve the recovery processes. One such supplement is cannabidiol (CBD) which is gaining more attention in competitive sports. However, the evidence is still lacking and there are no data available about the effect of a short-term chronic application. METHODS: A three-arm double-blind cross-over study was conducted to determine the effects of two different CBD products on performance, muscle damage and inflammatory processes in well-trained athletes...

Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience age-related diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and obesity much earlier than their typical peers. Therefore, health promotion is essential in this population.1 This population tends to live sedentary lives; exercise needs to be a focus. Exercise positively impacts survival rates for those with ID.2 Motivation and support are vital factors to successfully incorporate exercise into their lives. Prevalent barriers are a lack of access to health promotion programs, support, and transportation...

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to (1) estimate the relationship between physical fitness (PF) and object control fundamental movement skills (FMS), (2) identify child characteristics that relate with PF and FMS, and (3) examine associations between the school environment, PF, and FMS. METHODS: The sample included 1014 Portuguese children aged 6-10 years from the REACT project. PF was assessed via running speed, shuttle run, standing long jump, handgrip, and the PACER test...