Ahmed M Arzika, Amza Abdou, Ramatou Maliki, Nassirou Beido, Boubacar Kadri, Abdoul N Harouna, Abdoul N Galo, Mankara K Alio, Elodie Lebas, Catherine E Oldenburg, Kieran S O'Brien, Cindi Chen, Lina Zhong, Zhaoxia Zhou, Daisy Yan, Armin Hinterwirth, Jeremy D Keenan, Travis C Porco, Thomas M Lietman, Thuy Doan
BACKGROUND: Randomized controlled trials found that twice-yearly mass azithromycin administration (MDA) reduces childhood mortality, presumably by reducing infection burden. World Health Organization (WHO) issued conditional guidelines for mass azithromycin administration in high-mortality settings in sub-Saharan Africa given concerns for antibiotic resistance. While prolonged twice-yearly MDA has been shown to increase antibiotic resistance in small randomized controlled trials, the objective of this study was to determine if macrolide and non-macrolide resistance in the gut increases with the duration of azithromycin MDA in a larger setting...
May 2024: PLoS Medicine