prinzmetal's angina

Prinzmetal angina is a rare condition more likely to be reported in adults. Vasospasm is by far notable for causing this condition. We present a case of Prinzmetal angina in a 17-year-old male who experienced unexplained resting chest pain for 2 days.

Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation using non-thermal electroporation represents a promising ablation modality due to its believed superior safety profile. Still, if electroporation is delivered in proximity to a coronary artery, vasospasms can occur. We report the first case of severe right coronary artery vasospasm resulting in ST-segment elevation and AV block despite a remote distance from the ablation site to the right coronary artery, indicating a different mechanism. In this case, electroporation most likely triggered a previously unknown Prinzmetal vasospastic angina in the patient, resulting in the coronary vasospasm...

This case report highlights the atypical presentation of coronary artery vasospasm in a 59-year-old patient presenting with syncope due to ventricular arrhythmia. Despite initially elevated troponin levels and non-significant lesions observed during left heart catheterization, the patient experienced recurrent chest pain and dizziness, prompting further evaluation. Ultimately, coronary vasospasm was identified as the likely differential diagnosis, supported by various diagnostic modalities including electrocardiogram, Zio patch monitoring, transthoracic echocardiogram, cardiac MRI, and CT angiography...

BACKGROUND: Given the limited access to invasive vasospastic reactivity testing in Western Countries, there is a need to further develop alternative non-invasive diagnostic methods for vasospastic angina (VSA). Hyperventilation testing (HVT) is defined as a class IIa recommendation to diagnose VSA by the Japanese Society of Cardiology. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis reported according to the PRISMA statement, we review the mechanisms, methods, modalities and diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive HVT for the diagnostic of VSA...

Vasospastic angina (VSA) refers to chest pain experienced as a consequence of myocardial ischaemia caused by epicardial coronary spasm, a sudden narrowing of the vessels responsible for an inadequate supply of blood and oxygen. Coronary artery spasm is a heterogeneous phenomenon that can occur in patients with non-obstructive coronary arteries and obstructive coronary artery disease, with transient spasm causing chest pain and persistent spasm potentially leading to acute myocardial infarction (MI). VSA was originally described as Prinzmetal angina or variant angina, classically presenting at rest, unlike most cases of angina (though in some patients, vasospasm may be triggered by exertion, emotional, mental or physical stress), and associated with transient electrocardiographic changes (transient ST-segment elevation, depression and/or T-wave changes)...

Coronary vasospasm is a well-recognized cause of angina (also known as Prinzmetal angina) and a common cause of admissions to the emergency department and coronary intensive care units. It is however an uncommon cause of cardiac arrest. We describe a patient with multiple episodes of chest pain followed by cardiac arrest in pulseless electrical activity (PEA) due to coronary vasospasm. Telemetry and electrocardiography showed ST-segment elevation followed by PEA. Each event was short-lived and resolved after a maximum of six minutes of advanced life support measures...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study aimed to assess the association between dietary inflammation index with serum Nitric oxide, Prostacyclin, and Thromboxane B2 among Prinzmetal angina patients and healthy persons. METHODS AND RESULTS: This case-control study was conducted among 120 Prinzmetal angina patients and 120 healthy persons referred to the Ardabil Imam Khomeini Hospital between 2021 and 2022. Blood samples were gained from all study participants for measurement of serum Nitric oxide, Prostacyclin, and Thromboxane B2...

Vasospastic angina, also described as Prinzmetal angina, was first described as a variant form of angina at rest with transient ST-segment elevation; it is common and present in many clinical scenarios, including chronic and acute coronary syndromes, sudden cardiac death, arrhythmia and syncope. However, vasospastic angina remains underdiagnosed, and provocative tests are rarely performed. The gold-standard diagnostic approach uses invasive coronary angiography to induce coronary spasm using ergonovine, methylergonovine or acetylcholine as provocative stimuli...

Prinzmetal's angina typically features spasms of the coronary arteries due to the hyperreactivity of the vascular smooth muscle cells of the vessels to a nonspecific stimulus. Reports of coronary spasm during general anesthesia are rare, but in such cases, diagnosis is suggested by a framework of angina at rest and changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) or coronary reactivity tests with ergonovine or acetylcholine. The present study describes a case of coronary spasm induced by general anesthesia associated with several cardiovascular risk factors and the usage of vasoactive drugs that was documented by angiography without using stimulating drugs and treated with intracoronary nitroglycerin...

Prinzmetal angina (PA) is characterized by the development of reversible vasoconstriction of the coronary arteries, transient ischemic electrocardiographic changes in the ST segment, chest pain at rest, and prompt response to nitrates. Spasms of the coronary arteries can be precipitated during the perioperative period by an imbalance of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor factors of smooth muscle cells, which can lead to myocardial ischemia, cardiac arrhythmias, and death. Nevertheless, this is a relatively unrecognized topic, and literature is scarce about it...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Prinzmetal angina is a rare cause of intermittent chest pain in paediatrics. Here, we report the case of a 2-year-old female who presented with episodic chest pain, malaise, diaphoresis, fatigue, and poor perfusion on exam. During her hospitalisation, these episodes were associated with significant low cardiac output as evidenced by lactic acidosis and low mixed venous oxygen saturations. Her workup revealed an actin alpha cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1) gene mutation and associated left ventricular non-compaction with decreased systolic function...

This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet with serum Nitric oxide, Prostacyclin, and Thromboxane B2 among Prinzmetal angina patients and healthy persons. This case-control study was conducted among 100 Prinzmetal angina patients and 100 healthy persons referred to the Ardabil Imam Khomeini hospital between 2021 and 2022. Blood samples were obtained from all study participants for measurement of serum Nitric oxide, Prostacyclin, and Thromboxane B2 . To calculate adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the ten-item screener was used...

Coronary artery spasm constitutes the primary underlying pathology of variant angina. Because provocation of coronary artery spasm may occur with both excess sympathetic and excess parasympathetic stimulation, patients with this disorder have extremely limited options for perioperative pain control. This is especially true for procedures involving extensive abdominal incision/manipulation. Whereas neuraxial analgesia might otherwise be appropriate in these cases, several studies have demonstrated that coronary artery spasm can occur as a result of epidural placement, and therefore, that this may not be an optimal choice for patients with variant angina...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Prinzmetal angina, also known as vasospastic angina, is defined as an intermittent focal or diffuse coronary artery narrowing, which is often associated with transient ST-segment elevation on an electrocardiogram. Also, it could be associated with an atherosclerotic lesion at the site of the spasm. Vasospastic angina might be induced by medications, most commonly with cocaine and other examples which include catecholamines such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol, dopamine, and dobutamine. Parasympathomimetic agents include acetylcholine, methacholine, and pilocarpine...

Acute vasospastic angina, formerly known as Prinzmetal angina, is characterized by transient electrocardiographic changes that are not related to exertion. Its atypical presentation makes it difficult to establish the diagnosis, so it is probably underrecognized and therefore mismanaged. We treated a 49-year-old woman who presented with a 2-day history of chest pain associated with palpitations. Abnormal radionuclide stress test results prompted diagnostic coronary angiography, during which the patient reported chest pain and became hemodynamically unstable...

Vasospastic angina (VSA), or variant angina, is an under-recognized cause of chest pain and myocardial infarction, especially in Western countries. VSA leads to a declined quality of life and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Currently, the diagnosis of VSA relies on invasive testing that requires the direct intracoronary administration of ergonovine or acetylcholine. However, invasive vasoreactivity testing is underutilized. Several non-invasive imaging alternatives have been proposed to screen for VSA...

Vasospastic angina (VSA), also known as Prinzmetal angina, is caused by reversible diffuse or focal vasoconstriction of coronary arteries. It is the most common diagnosis among patients presenting with signs of ischemia but no obstructive coronary artery disease. Patients with VSA can present with typical acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms of chest pain or pressure, dyspnea, diaphoresis, fatigue, and syncope. VSA is a challenging diagnosis for physicians due to its nearly identical clinical presentation to active acute coronary syndrome patients...

Prinzmetal angina is one of the causes of acute coronary syndromes, the exact etiology of which is still unknown. Here we introduce a 27-year-old man with no history of cardiovascular disease, with a history of hospitalization due to acute pericarditis in the previous month, who was discharged with a good response to ibuprofen treatment but had clinical and electrocardiographically recurrence of pericarditis with compressive retrosternal chest pain and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in favor of acute infero-postero-right ventricular (RV) myocardial infarction (MI)...