minocycline

Just as we prioritize personalized medicine for various other medical conditions, we should also include a neglected disease like leprosy, ensuring that patients receive the best care possible and improving their quality of life. Our case highlights the importance of instituting an alternate therapeutic regimen in a scenario where there is a lack of clinical response to multidrug therapy, even in the absence of documented drug resistance of the currently available molecular diagnostics. The search for the perfect regimen tailored for each individual leprosy patient should continue...

The contamination of paper products by various chemicals has been reported on a global level, but to date, no published research has investigated pharmaceutical contamination of paper-based products. In this study, pharmaceutical analysis was conducted on 42 samples collected from various points of the recycled paper value chain in Cape Town, South Africa, which included the various grades that may be included in the manufacturing of recycled paperboard. The analysis was achieved by ultrasonic-assisted extraction of paper samples before detection by UHPLC-Q Orbitrap...

For endodontic therapy to be successful, the root canal space must be sterilized. This is often done using intracanal irrigants and medications. To accomplish periradicular region sterilization and healing, various intracanal medicaments and irrigation techniques have been researched for better treatment outcomes. Ozonated olive oil is the most researched and successful adjunct to other medicaments owing to its antibacterial properties. Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) (metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline) was incorporated as an inter-appointment intracanal dressing...

BACKGROUND: Antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, particularly resistance to colistin, has become a growing concern. This study seeks to investigate the upregulation of specific genes ( pmrA , pmrB , pmrC , phoQ , phoP , and arnT ) that contribute to colistin resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates collected from human clinical samples in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: Thirty eight K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing, as well as evaluation for phenotypic AmpC and ESBL production according to CLSI guidelines...

Rosacea is a common cutaneous condition caused by persistent, recurring lesions in facial skin vessels. It is a chronic skin condition with a variety of clinical symptoms and an unknown cause. Rosacea begins with the widening of capillaries and a flushed appearance. Following that, telangiectasia appears, and reddened patches persist, particularly on the cheeks and nose. Erythema persists due to repeated vasodilation and telangiectasia. In addition, skin inflammation manifests as papules, pustules, lymphedema, and fibrosis...

The incidence and prevalence of drug-induced liver injury appear to be increasing globally, for example, with the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors. Several reviews have been published in the last decade on the epidemiology of DILI, both among hospitalized patients and in the general population, as well as from retrospective and prospective studies on DILI. Most of these reviews have not focused on newly recognized agents that have recently changed the landscape of DILI. Apart from liver injury associated with antibiotics, oncological agents, particularly checkpoint inhibitors, are increasingly being recognized as causing liver injury...

BACKGROUND: Patients infected with Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) bacteremia in hospital have high morbidity and mortality. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of pneumonia and nonpneumonia-related AB bloodstream infections (AB BSIs) and explored the possible independent risk factors for the incidence and prognosis of pneumonia-related AB BSIs. METHODS: A retrospective monocentric observational study was performed. All 117 episodes of hospital-acquired AB bacteremia sorted into groups of pneumonia-related AB BSIs (n = 45) and nonpneumonia-related AB BSIs (n = 72) were eligible...

Nocardiosis in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is rare, but is associated with a significant mortality risk. Although trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) remains the cornerstone of nocardiosis treatment, optimal alternative therapies for patients intolerant to TMP/SMX are not well-established. Herein, we report a case of disseminated nocardiosis with bacteremia and multiple lesions in the lungs and brain caused by Nocardia farcinica, in a 60-year-old man who had previously undergone allogeneic HSCT and was receiving immunosuppressants for severe chronic graft-versus-host disease...

Accidents caused by Bothrops jararaca (Bj) snakes result in several local and systemic manifestations, with pain being a fundamental characteristic. The inflammatory process responsible for hyperalgesia induced by Bj venom (Bjv) has been studied; however, the specific roles played by the peripheral and central nervous systems in this phenomenon remain unclear. To clarify this, we induced hyperalgesia in rats using Bjv and collected tissues from dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cord (SC) at 2 and 4 h post-induction...

The prognosis for patients with advanced-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains dismal. It is generally accepted that combination cancer therapies offer the most promise, such as Folforinox, despite their associated high toxicity. This study addresses the issue of chemoresistance by introducing a complementary dual priming approach to attenuate the DNA repair mechanism and to improve the efficacy of a type 1 topoisomerase (Top1) inhibitor. The result is a regimen that integrates drug-repurposing and nanotechnology using 3 clinically relevant FDA-approved agents (1) Top1 inhibitor (irinotecan) at subcytotoxic doses (2) benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) as a photoactive molecule for photodynamic priming (PDP) to improve the delivery of irinotecan within the cancer cell and (3) minocycline priming (MNP) to modulate DNA repair enzyme Tdp1 (tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase) activity...

The global emergence of antimicrobial resistance to multiple antibiotics has recently become a significant concern. Gram-negative bacteria, known for their ability to acquire mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, represent one of the most hazardous microorganisms. This phenomenon poses a serious threat to public health. Notably, the significance of tigecycline, a member of the antibiotic group glycylcyclines and derivative of tetracyclines has increased. Tigecycline is one of the last-resort antimicrobial drugs used to treat complicated infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria or even pan-drug-resistant (PDR) bacteria...

Stimulation of the innate immune system prior to stress exposure is a possible strategy to prevent depression under stressful conditions. Based on the innate immune system stimulating activities of zymosan A, we hypothesize that zymosan A may prevent the development of chronic stress-induced depression-like behavior. Our results showed that a single injection of zymosan A 1 day before stress exposure at a dose of 2 or 4 mg/kg, but not at a dose of 1 mg/kg, prevented the development of depression-like behaviors in mice treated with chronic social defeat stress (CSDS)...

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that is often more severe in older patients. The main clinical features are erythema, telangiectasia, and inflammatory lesions of the face. The pathogenesis of this condition is not fully understood but certainly multifaceted. Immune and inflammatory dysregulation, genetics, neurogenic dysregulation, microbiome dysbiosis, and systemic disease have all been implicated in rosacea pathogenesis. As we better understand the various pathways that lead to rosacea, we acknowledge that the different symptoms may have unique underlying triggers and mechanisms...

BACKGROUND: Infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and related species are increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, treatment options are limited, whereas the antimicrobial resistance is increasing. METHODS: We included clinical isolates identified as S. maltophilia by VITEK 2 Compact. Ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam, cefiderocol, quinolones, and tetracycline family members were evaluated by broth microdilution method and compared with first-line treatment drugs...

UNLABELLED: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children and young adolescents. Despite macrolide antibiotics effectiveness as a first-line therapy, persistence of fever and/or clinical deterioration sometimes may complicate treatment and may even lead to severe systemic disease. To date, there is no consensus on alternative treatment options, optimal dosage, and duration for treating severe, progressive, and systemic MP pneumonia after macrolide treatment failure...

We report a case of rash in a 35-year-old female presenting with erythematous papules and infiltrative plaques on the nose and upper jaw resembling rosacea. The patient had been experiencing these symptoms for one year. A pathological biopsy revealed an inflammatory infiltrate consisting of dense perivascular lymphocytes surrounding hair follicles and sweat glands in the dermis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a predominance of CD4+ T cells compared to CD8+ T cells. Based on the clinical manifestations, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry, the patient was diagnosed with Jessner's Lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (JLIS)...

Asparagus officinalis L. is a horticultural crop that contains a variety of bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory effects. Aqueous extracts of A. officinalis can noticeably improve the learning and memory function of model mice. Herein, a pectin-arabinoglucuronogalactan complex (AOPB-1-1) with a relative molecular weight of 90.8 kDa was isolated from A. officinalis. The repeating structural unit of AOPB-1-1 was identified through monosaccharide composition, methylation analysis, uronic acid reduction, partial acid hydrolysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy...

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a common cause of stroke/vascular dementia with few effective treatments. Neuroinflammation and increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability may influence pathogenesis. In rodent models, minocycline reduced inflammation/BBB permeability. We determined whether minocycline had a similar effect in patients with SVD. METHODS: MINERVA was a single-center, phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial...

BACKGROUND: Cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors is only effective for a limited population of patients with cancer. Therefore, the development of novel cancer immunotherapy is anticipated. In preliminary studies, we demonstrated that tetracyclines enhanced T-cell responses. Therefore, we herein investigated the efficacy of tetracyclines on antitumor T-cell responses by human peripheral T cells, murine models, and the lung tumor tissues of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a focus on signaling pathways in T cells...

INTRODUCTION: Various strategies have been researched to enhance the susceptibility of biofilms, given their tolerance to antibiotics. This study evaluated the effect of the antimicrobial peptide nisin in association with antibiotics used in regenerative endodontics, exploring different treatment times and biofilm growth conditions. METHODS: A mixture of ten bacterial species was cultivated on dentin specimens anaerobically for 21 days. Biofilms were treated with 1 mL of high-purity nisin Z (nisin ZP, 200 μg/mL) and a triple antibiotic mixture (TAP: ciprofloxacin + metronidazole + minocycline, 5mg/ mL), alone or in combination...