Grafting

Interindividual variability presents a rich field of study in medical sciences. During a cadaveric dissection at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, a rare anatomical variation was discovered in the pedal anatomy of a female cadaver. Medical students, while dissecting the sole of the foot, identified a variant tendinous structure. This aberrant tendinous slip from the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) extended to the lateral four tendons of flexor digitorum longus (FDL) along the plantar aspect of the foot...

BACKGROUND: Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) is a treatment approach that combines the benefits of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) techniques such as minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) or minimally invasive multivessel CABG (MICS-CABG) with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for carefully selected patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MV CAD). The extant body of research primarily concentrates on the comparison of outcomes between HCR and CABG or PCI...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: As tumors invade major abdominal veins, surgical procedures are transformed from simple and basic to complicated and challenging. In this narrative review, we focus on what is currently known and not known regarding the technical aspects of major abdominal venous resection and its reconstruction, patency, and oncologic benefit in a cross-cutting perspective. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and Semantic Scholar from inception up to October 18, 2023...

AIM: To assess the surgical safety, postoperative outcomes, and the impact of PPK on corneal endothelial cell density through a retrospective analysis of 22 cases. Settings and Design . A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was executed at Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital from February 2018 to December 2021, involving 22 patients (22 eyes) who were unresponsive to other medical treatments and had a corrected distance visual acuity of ≤0.1. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients underwent PPK, with surgical procedures and postoperative care documented...

Background An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most common sports injuries in the knee region. Currently, anatomical ACL reconstruction with quadrupled hamstring tendon autograft and controlled accelerated rehabilitation is a frequently used treatment approach. This study aims to add to the literature the early and mid-term clinical results of the controlled accelerated rehabilitation program we implemented in our clinic to enable patients to return to their daily activities faster after ACL reconstruction...

The frontal bone is the vital component of the human skull and forms a part of the anterior skull vault, base, and roof of the orbits. Frontal bone defects may arise secondary to various causes like trauma, congenital defects including craniofacial clefts, tumors in the frontal bone requiring surgical intervention, and infections, like osteomyelitis, that cause osteonecrosis of the frontal bone. Reconstruction of frontal bone has been explored in the literature, and various materials are available for rehabilitation, like auto/allografts, and alloplastic materials, including bone cement, titanium meshes, and patient-specific implant (PSI)...

BACKGROUND: Prolonged bleeding from arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and arteriovenous grafts (AVG) associates with worse outcomes; Within the hemodialysis unit these outcomes include anemia and quality of life disruptions, and outside the hemodialysis unit includes fatal hemorrhage. However, various guidelines for AVF/AVG bleeding management inside and outside the hemodialysis unit lack consensus. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted of four databases, from inception to 17 February 2024...

CASE DESCRIPTION: We describe a case of a patient treated with pembrolizumab (an immune checkpoint inhibitor) for metastatic scalp melanoma. He had a previous history of colorectal cancer, prostatic cancer and chronic polymyalgia rheumatica. The patient was known to have a stable ascending aortic aneurysm of 4.5 cm. However, he developed a rapid expansion of the ascending aortic aneurysm with the size crossing the threshold for surgery. The patient was referred to the cardiothoracic surgery service for intervention and he subsequently underwent surgery...

This study aimed to investigate the differences in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets among patients with different immune statuses in the early postoperative period after liver transplantation, as well as the dynamic changes during the early post-transplantation period. A retrospective study was conducted, selecting a total of 82 patients who underwent liver transplantation at the General Hospital of PLA Southern Theater Command from January, 2018 to December, 2023. Based on the patients' postoperative immune status, they were categorized into stable group ( n =40), infection group ( n =21), and rejection group ( n =21)...

BACKGROUND: Plaque incision and grafting (PEG) is a primary surgical therapy for severe penile curvature in Peyronie's disease (PD); However, it can increase the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED), particularly in patients with pre-operative mild ED. Soft penile prosthesis (SPP) implantation is a viable treatment option in such cases. This study aims to compare the outcomes of PEG-only approach to PEG plus SPP implantation. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2019, 32 patients with PD and mild ED (5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function scores: 17-21) underwent PEG surgery...

OBJECTIVES: The long-term prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with diffuse long lesion underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains worse. Here, we aimed to identify distinctive genes involved and offer novel insights into the pathogenesis of diffuse long lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Whole exome sequencing was performed on peripheral blood samples from 20 CAD patients with diffuse long lesion (CAD-DLL) and from 10 controls with focal lesion (CAD-FL) through a uniform pipeline...

Poor prognostic factors, such as transfusion dependency and chromosomal risk, need to be considered in the indication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for patients harboring myelodysplastic syndromes with less than 5% marrow blasts (MDS-Lo). We analyzed the post-transplant outcomes of 1229 MDS-Lo patients who received myeloablative (MAC)(n = 651), reduced-intensity (RIC)(n = 397), and non-myeloablative conditioning (NMAC) regimens (n = 181)...

PURPOSE: To assess the predictive capability of hematological inflammatory markers for urethral stricture recurrence after primary urethroplasty and to compare traditional statistical methods with a machine-learning-based artificial intelligence algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred eighty-seven patients who underwent primary urethroplasty were scanned. Ages, smoking status, comorbidities, hematological inflammatory parameters (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios, platelet-lymphocyte ratios [PLR], systemic immune-inflammation indexes [SII], and pan-immune-inflammation values [PIV]), stricture characteristics, history of previous direct-visual internal urethrotomy, urethroplasty techniques, and grafts/flaps placements were collected...

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a predominant postoperative complication, often leading to visual impairment due to the aberrant proliferation and adhesion of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and protein precipitates subsequent to intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. To address this clinical issue, a foldable and antifouling sharp-edged IOL implant based on naturally-derived cellulose hydrogel is synthesized. The mechanical strength and transparency of the hydrogel is enhanced via repeated freeze-thaw (FT) cycles...

BACKGROUND: The radial artery is the standard access for coronary intervention; however, it is essential to have alternative accesses as it may be used as a conduit during coronary artery bypass grafting or for dialysis fistula. Ulnar and distal radial artery accesses have emerged as alternative accesses for traditional radial artery. AIM: To compare distal radial artery access and ulnar artery access as alternatives to traditional radial artery access regarding safety, efficacy, and success rate...

BACKGROUND: The outcomes after liver transplantation have greatly improved, which has resulted in greater focus on improving non-hepatic outcomes of liver transplantation. The present study aimed to evaluate thoracic spine radio density in children and adolescents after liver transplantation. METHODS: A total of 116 patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. The radio density at the eleventh thoracic vertebra was measured using computed tomography scan performed preoperatively then annually for 5 years postoperatively and subsequently every 2 or 3 years...

A functionalization process has been developed and the experimental conditions optimized allowing the immobilization of first-row transition metal (M n + ) containing polyoxometalates (POMs) with the formula [M(H2 O)P2 W17 O61 ](10- n )- on transparent indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrodes for electrochromic applications. Both flat ITO grafted with 4-sulfophenyl moieties and sulfonate-functionalized vertically oriented silica films on ITO have been used as electrode supports to evaluate possible confinement effects provided by the mesoporous matrix on the stability of the modified surfaces and their electrochromic properties...

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally after heart diseases. Currently used highly cytotoxic anti-cancer drugs not only kill cancer cells but also often kill non-cancerous healthy body cells, causing adverse side effects. Efforts are now being directed towards developing tumor-selective chemotherapy. Tumor/tumor endothelial cell selective peptide ligands are being covalently grafted onto the exo-surfaces of drug carriers such as liposomes, polymers, etc . A number of prior studies used conjugation of tumor/tumor endothelial cell-selective RGDK- or CGKRK-peptide ligands on the outer surfaces of liposomes, metal-based nanoparticles, single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), etc ...

INTRODUCTION: Psychiatric disorders after liver transplantation (LT) are associated with worse patient and graft outcomes, which may be amplified by inadequate treatment. We aimed to characterize the burden of psychiatric disorders, treatment patterns, and associated financial burden among LT recipients (LTRs). METHODS: IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus for Academics-a large health plan claims database representative of the commercially insured U.S. population-was used to identify psychiatric diagnoses among adult LTRs and assess treatment...

OBJECTIVES: Racial disparities in kidney transplant access and posttransplant outcomes exist between non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients in the United States, with the site of care being a key contributor. Using multi-site data to examine the effect of site of care on racial disparities, the key challenge is the dilemma in sharing patient-level data due to regulations for protecting patients' privacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a federated learning framework, named dGEM-disparity (decentralized algorithm for Generalized linear mixed Effect Model for disparity quantification)...