Cell sheet

The complex composition of coal chemical wastewater (CCW), marked by numerous highly toxic aromatic compounds, induces the destabilization of the biochemical treatment system, leading to suboptimal treatment efficacy. In this study, a biochemical treatment system was established to efficiently degrade aromatic compounds by quantitatively regulating the dosage of co-metabolized substrates (specifically, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) Glucose : COD Sodium acetate = 3:1, 1:3, and 1:1). The findings demonstrated that the system achieved optimal performance under the condition that the ratio of COD Glucose to COD Sodium acetate was 3:1...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to produce and characterize triple-layered cell sheet constructs with varying cell compositions combined or not with the fibrin membrane scaffold obtained by the technology of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (mPRGF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human primary cultures of periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were isolated, and their stemness nature was evaluated. Three types of triple-layered composite constructs were generated, composed solely of hPDLSCs or combined with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), either as a sandwiched endothelial layer or as coculture sheets of both cell phenotypes...

The construction of an antibacterial biological coating on titanium surface plays an important role in the long-term stability of oral implant restoration. Graphene oxide (GO) has been widely studied because of its excellent antibacterial properties and osteogenic activity. However, striking a balance between its biological toxicity and antibacterial properties remains a significant challenge with GO. ε-poly-L-lysine (PLL) has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and ultra-high safety performance. Using Layer-by-layer self-assembly technology (LBL), different layers of PLL/GO coatings and GO self-assembly coatings were assembled on the surface of titanium sheet...

Excessive blood loss and infections are the prominent risks accounting for mortality and disability associated with acute wounds. Consequently, wound dressings should encompass adequate adhesive, hemostatic, and bactericidal attributes, yet their development remains challenging. This investigation presented the benefits of incorporating a perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion (PPP NE) into a silk-fibroin (SF)-based hydrogel. By stimulating the β-sheet conformation of the SF chains, PPP NEs drastically shortened the gelation time while augmenting the elasticity, mechanical stability, and viscosity of the hydrogel...

This work investigates the feasibility of yeast-based impedance measurements for retrospective dosimetry applications. The local environment around yeast cells in a previously developed film-badge was modeled using Geant4. A greater dose response was observed when yeast cells were surrounded by an aluminum-polymer structure, which acted as a conversion layer. Bench-top experiments were conducted using a jar-based dosimeter design that directly combined a finely-ground aluminum conversion medium with yeast powder...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Rodent pancreas development has been described in great detail. On the other hand, there are still gaps in our understanding of the developmental trajectories of pancreatic cells during human ontogenesis. Here, our aim was to map the spatial and chronological dynamics of human pancreatic cell differentiation and proliferation by using 3D imaging of cleared human embryonic and fetal pancreases. METHODS: We combined tissue clearing with light-sheet fluorescence imaging in human embryonic and fetal pancreases during the first trimester of pregnancy...

EphB6 is an understudied ephrin receptor tyrosine pseudokinase that is downregulated in multiple types of metastatic cancers. Unlike its kinase-active counterparts which autophosphorylate and transmit signals upon intercellular interaction, little is known about how EphB6 functions in the absence of intrinsic kinase activity. Here, we unveil a molecular mechanism of cell-cell interaction driven by EphB6. We identify ephrinB1 as a cognate ligand of EphB6 and show that in trans interaction of EphB6 with ephrinB1 on neighboring cells leads to the formation of large co-clusters at the plasma membrane...

Anoxia in the mammalian brain leads to hyper-excitability and cell death; however, this cascade of events does not occur in the anoxia-tolerant brain of the western painted turtle, Chrysemys picta belli. The painted turtle has become an important anoxia-tolerant model to study brain, heart, and liver function in the absence of oxygen, but being anoxia-tolerant likely means that decapitation alone is not a suitable method of euthanasia. Many anesthetics have long-term effects on ion channels and are not appropriate for same day experimentation...

Diffuse tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT), previously known as pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), is a benign, aggressive, and distracting proliferative synovial lesion. D-TGCT is commonly seen in large joints such as the knee and hip. We present the case of a 57-year-old female who initially presented with swelling on the left midfoot that increased over four years. Clinically, a ganglion was suspected on the left midfoot and an MRI showed a heterogeneous lobulated soft tissue mass on the superior aspect of the tarsal midfoot measuring 5...

BACKGROUND: PEComa is a mesenchymal tumor that can occur in various organs including the uterus and soft tissues. PEComas are composed of perivascular epithelioid cells, and angiomyolipoma (AML), clear cell sugar tumor (CCST), and lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM) are considered lesions of the same lineage as tumors of the PEComa family. Histologically, a common PEComa shows solid or sheet-like proliferation of epithelioid cells. This is accompanied by an increase in the number of dilated blood vessels...

Recently, hydrogen boride (HB) with a pseudo-two-dimensional sheet structure was successfully synthesized, and it is theoretically predicted to have high potential as a negative electrode material for alkali metal ion batteries, making it a promising new candidate. This study represents the first experimental examination of the negative electrode properties of HB. HB was synthesized via cation exchange from MgB2 . The confirmation of HB synthesis was achieved through various spectroscopic experiments, including synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, in addition to direct observation using transmission electron microscopy...

Distinct solitary dermal nodules, either covered by an alopecic, or sometimes ulcerated, epidermis, were noticed on the head of a stillborn Holstein calf. The head was submitted for autopsy, and the nodules were found to consist of homogeneous, diffuse pale-yellow, soft-tissue masses with distinct margins that elevated the epidermis above the adjacent skin. Histologically, the dermal nodules were well-delineated on the deep margin approaching the cutaneous muscle and consisted of perivascular neoplastic infiltrates of round cells that in some places coalesced into sheets that extended into the dermis and subcutis...

The central problem in transduction is to explain how the energy caught from sunlight by chloroplasts becomes biological work. Or to express it in different terms: how does the energy remain trapped in the biological network and not get lost through thermalization into the environment? The pathway consists of an immensely large number of steps crossing hierarchical levels - some upwards, to larger assemblies, others downwards into energy rich molecules - before fuelling an action potential or a contracting cell...

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant salivary gland tumor. Varying sized cysts and sheets composed of three cell types (epidermoid, intermediate, and mucous cells) with varying degrees of atypia form the characteristic histological appearance of MEC. MEC frequently contains a wide variety of modified tumor cells and can be entirely cystic or completely solid. Under these circumstances, MEC requires critical differentiation from many mimickers, ranging from simple cysts and benign tumors to high-grade carcinomas...

In order to shape a tissue, individual cell-based mechanical forces have to be integrated into a global force pattern. Over the last decades, the importance of actomyosin contractile arrays, which are the key constituents of various morphogenetic processes, has been established for many tissues. Recent studies have demonstrated that the microtubule cytoskeleton mediates folding and elongation of the epithelial sheet during Drosophila morphogenesis, placing microtubule mechanics on par with actin-based processes...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have significant potential for environmental remediation and energy recycling directly from refractory aromatic hydrocarbons. To boost the capacities of toluene removal and the electricity production in MFCs, this study constructed a polyaniline@carbon nanotube (PANI@CNT) bioanode with a three-dimensional framework structure. Compared with the control bioanode based on graphite sheet, the PANI@CNT bioanode increased the output voltage and toluene degradation kinetics by 2.27-fold and 1...

Over the past three decades a diverse collection of small protein domains have been used as scaffolds to generate general-purpose protein-binding reagents using a variety of protein display and enrichment technologies. To expand the repertoire of scaffolds and protein surfaces that might serve this purpose, we have explored the utility of (i) a pair of anti-parallel alpha-helices in a small highly disulfide-bonded 4-helix bundle, the CC4 domain from Reversion-inducing Cysteine-rich Protein with Kazal Motifs (RECK), and (ii) a concave beta-sheet surface and two adjacent loops in the human FN3 domain, the scaffold for the widely used monobody platform...

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been investigated due to their distinct properties, variety of structures and sizes, and mainly for their antimicrobial activity. They have received a positive safety evaluation from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for packaging applications as transparent ultraviolet (UV) light absorbers based on the absence of significant migration of zinc oxide in particulate form. ZnO NPs with different morphologies (spherical, flower, and sheet) have been synthesized via different sol-gel methods and extensively characterized by several solid-state techniques, namely vibrational spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms...

Due to its excellent electrical conductivity, high transparency in the visible spectrum, and exceptional chemical stability, indium tin oxide (ITO) has become a crucial material in the fields of optoelectronics and nanotechnology. This article provides a thorough analysis of growing ITO thin films with various thicknesses to study the impact of thickness on their electrical, optical, and physical properties for solar-cell applications. ITO was prepared through radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering using argon gas with no alteration in temperature or changes in substrate heating, followed with annealing in a tube furnace under inert conditions...

The synthesis of novel catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, by means of a fast one-pot microwave-assisted procedure, is reported herein and deeply explained. In particular, the important role of doping atoms, like sulfur and nitrogen, in Fe2 O3 -reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites is described to address the modification of catalytic performance. The presence of dopants is confirmed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy analysis, while the integration of iron oxide nanoparticles, by means of decoration of the graphene structure, is corroborated by electron microscopy, which also confirms that there is no damage to the graphene sheets induced by the synthesis procedure...