Hasan

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The central organ of the human nervous system is the brain, which receives and sends stimuli to the various parts of the body to engage in daily activities. Uncontrolled growth of brain cells can result in tumors which affect the normal functions of healthy brain cells. An automatic reliable technique for detecting tumors is imperative to assist medical practitioners in the timely diagnosis of patients. Although machine learning models are being used, with minimal data availability to train, development of low-order based models integrated with machine learning are a tool for reliable detection...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The LIBERTY study assessed the efficacy and safety of erenumab in participants with episodic migraine (EM) and 2-4 prior preventive treatment failures. The results have been presented after 3 years of erenumab exposure in its open-label extension phase (OLEP). METHODS: Participants completing the 12-week double-blind treatment phase (DBTP) of the LIBERTY study could enter the OLEP and receive 140 mg of erenumab once monthly for 3 years...

Plants regularly encounter various environmental stresses such as salt, drought, cold, heat, heavy metals and pathogens, leading to changes in their proteome. Of these, a post-translational modification, SUMOylation is particularly significant for its extensive involvement in regulating various plant molecular processes to counteract these external stressors. Small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMO) protein modification significantly contributes to various plant functions, encompassing growth, development and response to environmental stresses...

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising candidates for safe energy storage applications. However, undesirable parasitic reactions such as dendrite growth, gas evaluation, anode corrosion, and structural damage to the cathode under an acidic microenvironment severely affected cell performance. To resolve these issues, an MXene entrapped in an ionic liquid semi-solid gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) composite was explored. The molecular-level mixing of poly(vinylidene fluoride- co -hexafluoropropylene) (PVHF), zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate (Zn(OTF)2 ), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF4 ) ionic liquid, and Ti3 C2 T x MXene provided a controlled Zn2+ shuttle toward the anode/cathode...

The apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of childhood diarrhea in developing countries. Current treatment options are inadequate and multiple preclinical compounds are being actively pursued as potential drugs for cryptosporidiosis. Unlike most apicomplexans, Cryptosporidium spp. sequentially replicate asexually and then sexually within a single host to complete their lifecycles. Anti-cryptosporidial compounds are generally identified or tested through in vitro phenotypic assays that only assess the asexual stages...

Hydrogen is one of the most promising green energy alternatives due to its high gravimetric energy density, zero-carbon emissions, and other advantages. In this work, a CoFeBP micro-flower (MF) electrocatalyst is fabricated as an advanced water-splitting electrocatalyst by a hydrothermal approach for hydrogen production with the highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The fabrication process of the CoFeBP MF electrocatalyst is systematically optimized by thorough investigations on various hydrothermal synthesis and post-annealing parameters...

Honey bees play an important role in the pollination of flowering plants. When honey bee colonies are deficient in pollen, one of their main nutrients, protein supplements are required. In this study, the effects of diets with six different protein sources on the physiological characteristics of worker bees (vitellogenin (Vg), abdominal lipid content (ALC), hypopharyngeal gland (HPG)) and consumption were investigated. The protein sources of the diets (diet I, …, diet VI) included pollen, spirulina dust ( Arthrospira platensis Gomont), fresh egg yolk, lyophilized lactose-free skimmed milk powder, active fresh yeast, and ApiProtein...

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder marked by compromised bone integrity, predisposing individuals, particularly older adults and postmenopausal women, to fractures. The advent of bioceramics for bone regeneration has opened up auspicious pathways for addressing osteoporosis. Research indicates that bioceramics can help bones grow back by activating bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and wingless/integrated (Wnt)/β-catenin pathways in the body when combined with stem cells, drugs, and other supports...

In a multi-hospital cohort study of 3392 patients, positive urinalysis parameters had poor positive predictive value for diagnosing urinary tract infection (UTI). Combined urinalysis parameters (pyuria or nitrite) performed better than pyuria alone for ruling out UTI. However, performance of all urinalysis parameters was poor in older women.

Spigelian hernia is a rare type of abdominal wall hernia that accounts for only 0.12% of all abdominal hernias. A Spigelian hernia, also known as a spontaneous lateral ventral hernia or a hernia of the semilunar line, occurs when a part of the abdominal contents protrudes through the Spigelian fascia. Due to its anatomical location, Spigelian hernia can be difficult to diagnose through physical examination alone. Here we report a case of a 40-year-old female who experienced right abdominal pain and swelling, where ultrasonography imaging was crucial in the intraoperative diagnosis of Spigelian hernia...

Within the realm of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction, there was pressure and drive to achieve success in the execution of the curriculum. Nevertheless, teachers encountered difficulties in implementing the curriculum and achieving successful outcomes. In order to achieve the desired objectives in the implementation of the EFL curriculum, it is necessary to have positive interacting variables that contribute to the overall dynamics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of school culture on English language teachers' commitment to curriculum implementation (TCCI), as well as the mediating role of external factors, self-efficacy (SE), and job satisfaction (JS) on this effect...

The prevention and treatment of microbial infections is an imminent global public health concern due to the poor antimicrobial performance of the existing antimicrobial regime and rapidly emerging antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbes. In order to overcome these problems and effectively control bacterial infections, various new treatment modalities have been identified. To attempt this, various micro- and macro-molecular antimicrobial agents that function by microbial membrane disruption have been developed with improved antimicrobial activity and lesser resistance...

Palbociclib is a dual inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). Palbociclib has frequently been studied in breast cancer cells and has also been linked to function of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), main protein responsible for cancer drug resistance. However, the effect of Palbociclib on cancer drug resistance and specifically doxorubicin-resistant cells overexpressing P-gp have limitedly been studied in the literature. Here, we aimed to decipher the possible synergistic effects of Palbociclib and Doxorubicin combination treatment in doxorubicin-resistant not only breast cancer, which has restrictedly been studied previously, but leukemia and cervical cancer cell lines in the presence of sensitive counterparts to totally explore the mechanistic properties of the Palbociclib in cancer drug resistance...

BACKGROUND: The surge in digital media consumption, coupled with the ensuing consequences of digital addiction, has witnessed a rapid increase, particularly after the initiation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite some studies exploring specific technological addictions, such as internet or social media addiction, in Bangladesh, there is a noticeable gap in research focusing on digital addiction in a broader context. Thus, this study aims to investigate digital addiction among students taking the university entrance test, examining its prevalence, contributing factors, and geographical distribution using GIS techniques...

Splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) are antisense compounds that act directly on pre-mRNA to modulate alternative splicing (AS). This study demonstrates the value that artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) provides for the identification of functional, verifiable, and therapeutic SSOs. We trained XGboost tree models using splicing factor (SF) pre-mRNA binding profiles and spliceosome assembly information to identify modulatory SSO binding sites on pre-mRNA. Using Shapley and out-of-bag analyses we also predicted the identity of specific SFs whose binding to pre-mRNA is blocked by SSOs...

Breakthrough multi-response miniature dosimetry/spectrometry of electroneutrons (EN) was made on surface and in-depths of whole-body polyethylene phantom under 10 cm × 10 cm electron beam of 20 MV Varian Clinac 2100C electron medical accelerator commonly applied for prostate treatment. While dosimetry/spectrometry of photoneutrons (PN) has been well characterized for decades, those of ENs lagged behind due to very low EN reaction cross section and lack of sensitive neutron dosimeters/spectrometers meeting neutron dosimetry requirements...

The response variability to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) challenges the effective use of this treatment option in patients with schizophrenia. This variability may be deciphered by leveraging predictive information in structural MRI, clinical, sociodemographic, and genetic data using artificial intelligence. We developed and cross-validated rTMS response prediction models in patients with schizophrenia drawn from the multisite RESIS trial. The models incorporated pre-treatment sMRI, clinical, sociodemographic, and polygenic risk score (PRS) data...

OBJECTIVE: Leadership is an essential skill for surgeons, but it is not systematically taught in residency. The objective of this study was to explore the current experiences, motivators, and perspectives on leadership training of general surgery residents. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 20 general surgery residents at an academic training program. Six in-person sessions (one for each postgraduate year and research) were recorded, transcribed, and de-identified...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The prognosis for patients with advanced-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains dismal. It is generally accepted that combination cancer therapies offer the most promise, such as Folforinox, despite their associated high toxicity. This study addresses the issue of chemoresistance by introducing a complementary dual priming approach to attenuate the DNA repair mechanism and to improve the efficacy of a type 1 topoisomerase (Top1) inhibitor. The result is a regimen that integrates drug-repurposing and nanotechnology using 3 clinically relevant FDA-approved agents (1) Top1 inhibitor (irinotecan) at subcytotoxic doses (2) benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) as a photoactive molecule for photodynamic priming (PDP) to improve the delivery of irinotecan within the cancer cell and (3) minocycline priming (MNP) to modulate DNA repair enzyme Tdp1 (tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase) activity...